Mediation of the effect of prenatal maternal smoking on time to natural menopause in daughters by birthweight-for-gestational-age z-score and breastfeeding duration: analysis of two UK birth cohorts born in 1958 and 1970

Mediation of the effect of prenatal maternal smoking on time to natural menopause in daughters by birthweight-for-gestational-age z-score and breastfeeding duration: analysis of two UK birth cohorts born in 1958 and 1970

Abstract Background Prenatal maternal smoking, lower birthweight, and shorter breastfeeding duration have all been associated with an earlier age at menopause in daughters. We estimated the extent to which birthweight-for-gestational-age z-score and breastfeeding duration mediate the effect of prena...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Darina Peycheva, Leah Li, Mary Fewtrell, Richard Silverwood, Rebecca Hardy
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-01-01
Series:BMC Women's Health
Subjects:
Smoking during pregnancy
Menopause
Birthweight
Breastfeeding
Causal mediation analysis
Inverse odds weighting
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03556-y
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03556-y

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