Effects of a flavonoid-enriched orange peel extract against type 2 diabetes in the obese ZDF rat model
Effects of an enriched orange peel extract (OPE) against type 2 diabetes (T2D) were analyzed in ZDF rats which were hyperglycemic, dyslipidemic and express pro-inflammatory markers. Glucose related parameters were lowered in the lean control and metformin group as compared to ZDF vehicle controls. O...
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| Language: | English |
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Tsinghua University Press
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Food Science and Human Wellness |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213453018300934 |
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| author | Alexander Gosslau Emmanuel Zachariah Shiming Li Chi-Tang Ho |
| author_facet | Alexander Gosslau Emmanuel Zachariah Shiming Li Chi-Tang Ho |
| author_sort | Alexander Gosslau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Effects of an enriched orange peel extract (OPE) against type 2 diabetes (T2D) were analyzed in ZDF rats which were hyperglycemic, dyslipidemic and express pro-inflammatory markers. Glucose related parameters were lowered in the lean control and metformin group as compared to ZDF vehicle controls. OPE was well tolerated and induced a decline in fasted blood glucose and increase levels of fed glucose although to a lesser degree as compared to metformin. However, OPE did not improve glucose tolerance but showed significantly elevated glucose levels. Furthermore, OPE treatment caused an increase of free fatty acids in a dose-responsive manner as well as elevated levels of cholesterol and LDL. The analysis of inflammatory mediators revealed a significant down-regulation of COX-2, ICAM-1, and TNF-α in epididymal adipose tissue in response to OPE to a higher degree as compared to ibuprofen. In whole blood, IL-4 was upregulated in a dose-responsive manner as measured by ELISA. In summary, lipophilic OPE showed strong anti-inflammatory effects in adipose tissue, ambivalent effects against hyperglycemia, whereas hyperlipidemia was increased. Our study emphasize the complexity of anti-diabetic regimen suggesting a treatment with OPE to reduce inflammation in adipose tissue in combination with antidiabetic therapeutics as promising strategy against T2D. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Orange peel, Zucker diabetic fatty rats, Chronic inflammation, Obesity |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4d7a57744bd0401e94608c9d0a700e78 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2213-4530 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Tsinghua University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Food Science and Human Wellness |
| spelling | doaj-art-4d7a57744bd0401e94608c9d0a700e782025-02-03T04:01:26ZengTsinghua University PressFood Science and Human Wellness2213-45302018-12-0174244251Effects of a flavonoid-enriched orange peel extract against type 2 diabetes in the obese ZDF rat modelAlexander Gosslau0Emmanuel Zachariah1Shiming Li2Chi-Tang Ho3Department of Science (Biology), City University of New York, BMCC, New York, NY 10007, United States; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8087, United States; Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, United States; Corresponding author at: Department of Science, City University of New York, BMCC, 199 Chambers Street, New York, NY 10007, Unites States.Oncopath Genomics, Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852, United StatesDepartment of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, United StatesDepartment of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, United StatesEffects of an enriched orange peel extract (OPE) against type 2 diabetes (T2D) were analyzed in ZDF rats which were hyperglycemic, dyslipidemic and express pro-inflammatory markers. Glucose related parameters were lowered in the lean control and metformin group as compared to ZDF vehicle controls. OPE was well tolerated and induced a decline in fasted blood glucose and increase levels of fed glucose although to a lesser degree as compared to metformin. However, OPE did not improve glucose tolerance but showed significantly elevated glucose levels. Furthermore, OPE treatment caused an increase of free fatty acids in a dose-responsive manner as well as elevated levels of cholesterol and LDL. The analysis of inflammatory mediators revealed a significant down-regulation of COX-2, ICAM-1, and TNF-α in epididymal adipose tissue in response to OPE to a higher degree as compared to ibuprofen. In whole blood, IL-4 was upregulated in a dose-responsive manner as measured by ELISA. In summary, lipophilic OPE showed strong anti-inflammatory effects in adipose tissue, ambivalent effects against hyperglycemia, whereas hyperlipidemia was increased. Our study emphasize the complexity of anti-diabetic regimen suggesting a treatment with OPE to reduce inflammation in adipose tissue in combination with antidiabetic therapeutics as promising strategy against T2D. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Orange peel, Zucker diabetic fatty rats, Chronic inflammation, Obesityhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213453018300934 |
| spellingShingle | Alexander Gosslau Emmanuel Zachariah Shiming Li Chi-Tang Ho Effects of a flavonoid-enriched orange peel extract against type 2 diabetes in the obese ZDF rat model Food Science and Human Wellness |
| title | Effects of a flavonoid-enriched orange peel extract against type 2 diabetes in the obese ZDF rat model |
| title_full | Effects of a flavonoid-enriched orange peel extract against type 2 diabetes in the obese ZDF rat model |
| title_fullStr | Effects of a flavonoid-enriched orange peel extract against type 2 diabetes in the obese ZDF rat model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of a flavonoid-enriched orange peel extract against type 2 diabetes in the obese ZDF rat model |
| title_short | Effects of a flavonoid-enriched orange peel extract against type 2 diabetes in the obese ZDF rat model |
| title_sort | effects of a flavonoid enriched orange peel extract against type 2 diabetes in the obese zdf rat model |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213453018300934 |
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