Innovative approaches to combat antibiotic resistance: integrating CRISPR/Cas9 and nanoparticles against biofilm-driven infections

Abstract The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections is a major global health concern, with biofilms playing a key role in bacterial persistence and resistance. Biofilms provide a protective matrix that limits antibiotic penetration, enhances horizontal gene transfer, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Abolfazl Saffari Natanzi, Mohsen Poudineh, Elham Karimi, Azad Khaledi, Hamed Haddad Kashani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04323-4
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