Ossification Vesicles with Calcium Phosphate in the Eyes of the Insect Copium teucrii (Hemiptera: Tingidae)
Arthropod eyes are built of repeating units named ommatidia. Each single ommatidium unit contains a cluster of photoreceptor cells surrounded by support cells and pigment cells. The insect Copium eye ommatidia include additional calcium-phosphate deposits, not described in insects to date, which can...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | The Scientific World Journal |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2011.9 |
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| author | Javier Garcia-Guinea Alberto Jorge Laura Tormo Marta Furio Elena Crespo-Feo Virgilio Correcher Pedro Prado-Herrero Ana C. Soria Jesus Sanz Jose L. Nieves-Aldrey |
| author_facet | Javier Garcia-Guinea Alberto Jorge Laura Tormo Marta Furio Elena Crespo-Feo Virgilio Correcher Pedro Prado-Herrero Ana C. Soria Jesus Sanz Jose L. Nieves-Aldrey |
| author_sort | Javier Garcia-Guinea |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arthropod eyes are built of repeating units named ommatidia. Each single ommatidium unit contains a cluster of photoreceptor cells surrounded by support cells and pigment cells. The insect Copium eye ommatidia include additional calcium-phosphate deposits, not described in insects to date, which can be examined today using a combined set of modern microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. Teucrium gnaphalodes L'Her plants, growing in central Spain, develop galls induced by Copium insects. A survey of C. teucrii adult specimens resulted in surprising environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) images, showing that their bright red eyes contain a calcium-phosphate mineralization. A complete survey of Copium eye specimens was performed by ESEM using energy-dispersive spectroscopy, backscattered electron detector and cathodoluminescence (CL) probes, field emission scanning electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy in order to learn ommatidia features, such as chemical composition, molecular structure, cell membrane, and internal ommatidium eye fluids and calcium-phosphate distribution deposits. The CL panchromatic images distinguish between the calcium-phosphate ommatidium and calcium-phosphate setae, which are more apatite rich. They show Raman bands attributable to bone tissue apatite biomaterials, such as bone, collagen, lipids, and blood, i.e., peptides, amide-S, amide-II, amide-III, and cytochrome P-450scc. The chemical composition of both galls and leaves of T. gnaphalodes was determined by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of their extracts. The spectrometric and microscopic images reveal that the calcium-phosphate mineralization is formed and constrained to Copium ommatidia, which are both matrix vesicles generating mixtures of apatite collagen and operational compound eyes of the insect. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-48c9c79c4a18444888535c06f3143fae |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1537-744X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Scientific World Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-48c9c79c4a18444888535c06f3143fae2025-02-03T07:25:00ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal1537-744X2011-01-011118619810.1100/tsw.2011.9Ossification Vesicles with Calcium Phosphate in the Eyes of the Insect Copium teucrii (Hemiptera: Tingidae)Javier Garcia-Guinea0Alberto Jorge1Laura Tormo2Marta Furio3Elena Crespo-Feo4Virgilio Correcher5Pedro Prado-Herrero6Ana C. Soria7Jesus Sanz8Jose L. Nieves-Aldrey9Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN, CSIC), Madrid, SpainMuseo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN, CSIC), Madrid, SpainMuseo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN, CSIC), Madrid, SpainMuseo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN, CSIC), Madrid, SpainMuseo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN, CSIC), Madrid, SpainCIEMAT, Dosimetria de Radiaciones, Madrid, SpainCIEMAT, Dosimetria de Radiaciones, Madrid, SpainInstituto de Quimica Organica General (CSIC), Madrid, SpainInstituto de Quimica Organica General (CSIC), Madrid, SpainMuseo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN, CSIC), Madrid, SpainArthropod eyes are built of repeating units named ommatidia. Each single ommatidium unit contains a cluster of photoreceptor cells surrounded by support cells and pigment cells. The insect Copium eye ommatidia include additional calcium-phosphate deposits, not described in insects to date, which can be examined today using a combined set of modern microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. Teucrium gnaphalodes L'Her plants, growing in central Spain, develop galls induced by Copium insects. A survey of C. teucrii adult specimens resulted in surprising environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) images, showing that their bright red eyes contain a calcium-phosphate mineralization. A complete survey of Copium eye specimens was performed by ESEM using energy-dispersive spectroscopy, backscattered electron detector and cathodoluminescence (CL) probes, field emission scanning electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy in order to learn ommatidia features, such as chemical composition, molecular structure, cell membrane, and internal ommatidium eye fluids and calcium-phosphate distribution deposits. The CL panchromatic images distinguish between the calcium-phosphate ommatidium and calcium-phosphate setae, which are more apatite rich. They show Raman bands attributable to bone tissue apatite biomaterials, such as bone, collagen, lipids, and blood, i.e., peptides, amide-S, amide-II, amide-III, and cytochrome P-450scc. The chemical composition of both galls and leaves of T. gnaphalodes was determined by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of their extracts. The spectrometric and microscopic images reveal that the calcium-phosphate mineralization is formed and constrained to Copium ommatidia, which are both matrix vesicles generating mixtures of apatite collagen and operational compound eyes of the insect.http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2011.9 |
| spellingShingle | Javier Garcia-Guinea Alberto Jorge Laura Tormo Marta Furio Elena Crespo-Feo Virgilio Correcher Pedro Prado-Herrero Ana C. Soria Jesus Sanz Jose L. Nieves-Aldrey Ossification Vesicles with Calcium Phosphate in the Eyes of the Insect Copium teucrii (Hemiptera: Tingidae) The Scientific World Journal |
| title | Ossification Vesicles with Calcium Phosphate in the Eyes of the Insect Copium teucrii (Hemiptera: Tingidae) |
| title_full | Ossification Vesicles with Calcium Phosphate in the Eyes of the Insect Copium teucrii (Hemiptera: Tingidae) |
| title_fullStr | Ossification Vesicles with Calcium Phosphate in the Eyes of the Insect Copium teucrii (Hemiptera: Tingidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ossification Vesicles with Calcium Phosphate in the Eyes of the Insect Copium teucrii (Hemiptera: Tingidae) |
| title_short | Ossification Vesicles with Calcium Phosphate in the Eyes of the Insect Copium teucrii (Hemiptera: Tingidae) |
| title_sort | ossification vesicles with calcium phosphate in the eyes of the insect copium teucrii hemiptera tingidae |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2011.9 |
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