Modeling TEC Maps Over China Using Particle Swarm Optimization Neural Networks and Long‐Term Ground‐Based GPS, COSMIC, and Fengyun Data

Abstract This paper presents a new model for ionospheric total electron content (TEC) over China. The new model is developed using a hybrid method composed of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and artificial neural network and long‐term observations from 257 ground‐based global navigation satell...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shuangshuang Shi, Kefei Zhang, Jiaqi Shi, Andong Hu, Dongsheng Zhao, Zhongchao Shi, Peng Sun, Huajing Wu, Suqin Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2023-04-01
Series:Space Weather
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003357
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