Two-photon polymerization based 4D printing of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel microarchitectures for reversible shape morphing

Two-photon polymerization based 4D printing of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel microarchitectures for reversible shape morphing

Abstract Incorporating shape-morphing capability into 3D microprinting enables the fabrication of 4D-printed microarchitectures as proof-of-concept actuators for potential use in soft robotics and microfluidic systems. The ability of these 3D microstructures to actuate rapidly and reversibly enables...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ebrahim Yarali, Ayman Ahmed Mubeen, Kai Cussen, Lennart van Zanten, Vahid Moosabeiki, Amir A. Zadpoor, Angelo Accardo, Mohammad J. Mirzaali
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Temperature-responsive hydrogels
Two-photon polymerization
Shape morphing
4D Microprinting
Soft actuators
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06269-2
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06269-2

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