Mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism study of sulfate saline soil solidified by polyurethane and water glass
Sulfate saline soil is considered as an inferior subgrade construction material that is highly susceptible to damage from salt heaving and dissolution. Polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) is an efficient grouting material widely used in underground engineering; however, its application in saline soil r...
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Elsevier
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Construction Materials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509525001263 |
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| author | Tiantian Zhang Dingfeng Cao Chengchao Guo Fuming Wang |
| author_facet | Tiantian Zhang Dingfeng Cao Chengchao Guo Fuming Wang |
| author_sort | Tiantian Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sulfate saline soil is considered as an inferior subgrade construction material that is highly susceptible to damage from salt heaving and dissolution. Polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) is an efficient grouting material widely used in underground engineering; however, its application in saline soil reinforcement has not yet been reported. In this study, PU/WG was used to solidify sulfate–saline soils. The influence of the dry density, curing agent ratio, and salt content on the strength was evaluated. The mechanical properties of the solidified soil were determined by conducting uniaxial compression strength tests, and crack development was detected using acoustic emission technology. The reinforcing mechanism was revealed by scanning electron microscopy tests and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results indicated that the peak stress, peak strain, and ultimate strain increased with increasing dry density and PU/WG content, whereas they decreased with increasing salt content. The relationship between the peak stress, density, and PU/WG can be described using linear functions. The relationship between the peak stress and salt content can be described by a second-order polynomial function. The larger the dry density and the higher the PU/WG content, the steeper the stress-strain curves and the lower the ductility. Further, the higher the salt content, the higher the ductility. Soil with a higher dry density, more PU/WG, and less salt content exhibited higher brittleness. Thus, PU/WG can fill in the original disorganized and large pores, thereby increasing the complexity of the internal pore structure via organic-inorganic gel reactions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-451ee375980a44138d388f18b7189fb5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-5095 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Construction Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-451ee375980a44138d388f18b7189fb52025-02-06T05:11:48ZengElsevierCase Studies in Construction Materials2214-50952025-07-0122e04328Mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism study of sulfate saline soil solidified by polyurethane and water glassTiantian Zhang0Dingfeng Cao1Chengchao Guo2Fuming Wang3School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Civil Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Civil Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China; Southern Institute of Infrastructure Testing and Rehabilitation Technology, Huizhou, Guangdong 516000, China; Corresponding author at: School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Civil Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China; Southern Institute of Infrastructure Testing and Rehabilitation Technology, Huizhou, Guangdong 516000, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Civil Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China; Southern Institute of Infrastructure Testing and Rehabilitation Technology, Huizhou, Guangdong 516000, ChinaSulfate saline soil is considered as an inferior subgrade construction material that is highly susceptible to damage from salt heaving and dissolution. Polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) is an efficient grouting material widely used in underground engineering; however, its application in saline soil reinforcement has not yet been reported. In this study, PU/WG was used to solidify sulfate–saline soils. The influence of the dry density, curing agent ratio, and salt content on the strength was evaluated. The mechanical properties of the solidified soil were determined by conducting uniaxial compression strength tests, and crack development was detected using acoustic emission technology. The reinforcing mechanism was revealed by scanning electron microscopy tests and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results indicated that the peak stress, peak strain, and ultimate strain increased with increasing dry density and PU/WG content, whereas they decreased with increasing salt content. The relationship between the peak stress, density, and PU/WG can be described using linear functions. The relationship between the peak stress and salt content can be described by a second-order polynomial function. The larger the dry density and the higher the PU/WG content, the steeper the stress-strain curves and the lower the ductility. Further, the higher the salt content, the higher the ductility. Soil with a higher dry density, more PU/WG, and less salt content exhibited higher brittleness. Thus, PU/WG can fill in the original disorganized and large pores, thereby increasing the complexity of the internal pore structure via organic-inorganic gel reactions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509525001263Solidified sulfate saline soilPolyurethane/water glass (PU/WG)Unconfined compressionAcoustic emissionMicroanalysis |
| spellingShingle | Tiantian Zhang Dingfeng Cao Chengchao Guo Fuming Wang Mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism study of sulfate saline soil solidified by polyurethane and water glass Case Studies in Construction Materials Solidified sulfate saline soil Polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) Unconfined compression Acoustic emission Microanalysis |
| title | Mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism study of sulfate saline soil solidified by polyurethane and water glass |
| title_full | Mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism study of sulfate saline soil solidified by polyurethane and water glass |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism study of sulfate saline soil solidified by polyurethane and water glass |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism study of sulfate saline soil solidified by polyurethane and water glass |
| title_short | Mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism study of sulfate saline soil solidified by polyurethane and water glass |
| title_sort | mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism study of sulfate saline soil solidified by polyurethane and water glass |
| topic | Solidified sulfate saline soil Polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) Unconfined compression Acoustic emission Microanalysis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509525001263 |
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