Analysis of Pulsed Laser Target Echo Characteristics in Non-Uniform Smoke Environments
This study establishes a mathematical model for analyzing pulsed laser target echo signals in non-uniform smoke environments, thereby enabling evaluations of the target echo characteristics of laser detection systems under various smoke conditions. A semi-analytical Monte Carlo method for laser rece...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Photonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/4/362 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849713747996704768 |
|---|---|
| author | Chenyoushi Xu Ruihua Zhang Zhen Zheng Bingting Zha Weiping Cao He Zhang |
| author_facet | Chenyoushi Xu Ruihua Zhang Zhen Zheng Bingting Zha Weiping Cao He Zhang |
| author_sort | Chenyoushi Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study establishes a mathematical model for analyzing pulsed laser target echo signals in non-uniform smoke environments, thereby enabling evaluations of the target echo characteristics of laser detection systems under various smoke conditions. A semi-analytical Monte Carlo method for laser reception is developed by integrating the T-matrix scattering phase function rejection method with the characteristics of the non-uniform smoke environment. The effects of the pulse width, smoke concentration, target reflectance, and target distance on the laser echo signal waveform are studied in detail. The results indicate that when the pulse width is small (τ = 5 ns), the echo signal exhibits a dual-peak profile due to the signals from the backscattered smoke particles and the target echo. Moreover, the smoke concentration significantly affects the amplitude of the backscatter signal. When the pulse width is large (τ ≥ 40 ns), the echo signal peak is a combination of both signals, where the amplitude increases with increasing pulse width but decreases with the increasing smoke concentration. Additionally, the target echo signal amplitude is positively correlated with the target reflectance and negatively correlated with the target distance. The accuracy of the proposed model is verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental data. Overall, this study provides a theoretical foundation for target identification and detection in smoky environments for laser fuze applications and the analysis of laser detection characteristics in smoky environments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-43c7b4173f71401b87aab3e17b4f03c5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-43c7b4173f71401b87aab3e17b4f03c52025-08-20T03:13:53ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322025-04-0112436210.3390/photonics12040362Analysis of Pulsed Laser Target Echo Characteristics in Non-Uniform Smoke EnvironmentsChenyoushi Xu0Ruihua Zhang1Zhen Zheng2Bingting Zha3Weiping Cao4He Zhang5College of Engineering, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, ChinaCollege of Engineering, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, ChinaMinisterial Key Laboratory of Smart Ammunition, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaMinisterial Key Laboratory of Smart Ammunition, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaCollege of Engineering, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, ChinaMinisterial Key Laboratory of Smart Ammunition, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaThis study establishes a mathematical model for analyzing pulsed laser target echo signals in non-uniform smoke environments, thereby enabling evaluations of the target echo characteristics of laser detection systems under various smoke conditions. A semi-analytical Monte Carlo method for laser reception is developed by integrating the T-matrix scattering phase function rejection method with the characteristics of the non-uniform smoke environment. The effects of the pulse width, smoke concentration, target reflectance, and target distance on the laser echo signal waveform are studied in detail. The results indicate that when the pulse width is small (τ = 5 ns), the echo signal exhibits a dual-peak profile due to the signals from the backscattered smoke particles and the target echo. Moreover, the smoke concentration significantly affects the amplitude of the backscatter signal. When the pulse width is large (τ ≥ 40 ns), the echo signal peak is a combination of both signals, where the amplitude increases with increasing pulse width but decreases with the increasing smoke concentration. Additionally, the target echo signal amplitude is positively correlated with the target reflectance and negatively correlated with the target distance. The accuracy of the proposed model is verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental data. Overall, this study provides a theoretical foundation for target identification and detection in smoky environments for laser fuze applications and the analysis of laser detection characteristics in smoky environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/4/362non-uniform smoke environmentpulsed lasertarget echo signalsmoke concentrationtarget reflectancetarget distance |
| spellingShingle | Chenyoushi Xu Ruihua Zhang Zhen Zheng Bingting Zha Weiping Cao He Zhang Analysis of Pulsed Laser Target Echo Characteristics in Non-Uniform Smoke Environments Photonics non-uniform smoke environment pulsed laser target echo signal smoke concentration target reflectance target distance |
| title | Analysis of Pulsed Laser Target Echo Characteristics in Non-Uniform Smoke Environments |
| title_full | Analysis of Pulsed Laser Target Echo Characteristics in Non-Uniform Smoke Environments |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Pulsed Laser Target Echo Characteristics in Non-Uniform Smoke Environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Pulsed Laser Target Echo Characteristics in Non-Uniform Smoke Environments |
| title_short | Analysis of Pulsed Laser Target Echo Characteristics in Non-Uniform Smoke Environments |
| title_sort | analysis of pulsed laser target echo characteristics in non uniform smoke environments |
| topic | non-uniform smoke environment pulsed laser target echo signal smoke concentration target reflectance target distance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/4/362 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chenyoushixu analysisofpulsedlasertargetechocharacteristicsinnonuniformsmokeenvironments AT ruihuazhang analysisofpulsedlasertargetechocharacteristicsinnonuniformsmokeenvironments AT zhenzheng analysisofpulsedlasertargetechocharacteristicsinnonuniformsmokeenvironments AT bingtingzha analysisofpulsedlasertargetechocharacteristicsinnonuniformsmokeenvironments AT weipingcao analysisofpulsedlasertargetechocharacteristicsinnonuniformsmokeenvironments AT hezhang analysisofpulsedlasertargetechocharacteristicsinnonuniformsmokeenvironments |