Functional Responses of the Warehouse Pirate Bug <i>Xylocoris flavipes</i> (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on a Diet of <i>Liposcelis decolor</i> (Pearman) (Psocodea: Liposcelididae)

Functional Responses of the Warehouse Pirate Bug <i>Xylocoris flavipes</i> (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on a Diet of <i>Liposcelis decolor</i> (Pearman) (Psocodea: Liposcelididae)

Psocids are difficult to manage using grain protectants and phosphine hence research on non-chemical control methods. This study evaluated the effectiveness of <i>Xylocoris flavipes</i> (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) at managing <i>Liposcelis decolor</i> (Pearman) (Psocod...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Augustine Bosomtwe, George Opit, Kristopher Giles, Brad Kard, Carla Goad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Insects
Subjects:
biological control
predator
bio-based IPM
psocid
stored-product pest
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/101
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Summary:Psocids are difficult to manage using grain protectants and phosphine hence research on non-chemical control methods. This study evaluated the effectiveness of <i>Xylocoris flavipes</i> (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) at managing <i>Liposcelis decolor</i> (Pearman) (Psocodea: Liposcelididae). The functional responses of adult♀ and nymphs of <i>X. flavipes</i> on a diet of nymphs, adult♂, and adult♀ of <i>L. decolor</i> were determined under laboratory conditions at 28 ± 1 °C, 63 ± 5% RH, and a 0:24 (L:D) photoperiod. Maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of a logistic regression analysis showed that the functional responses of the life stages of <i>X. flavipes</i> on diets of three stages of <i>L. decolor</i> were Holling Type II. Estimates of the attack rate (<i>a</i>), handling time (<i>Th</i>), maximum predation (<i>K</i>) per day, and predation efficiency (<i>η</i>) per day for the two predator life stages against each prey life stage showed that the adult♀ <i>X. flavipes</i> predation rate was better compared with the nymphs. The adult♀ <i>X. flavipes</i> per capita consumption rate and searching efficiency were also higher than those of the nymphs. The data showed adults of <i>L. decolor</i> are more favorable for adult♀ <i>X. flavipes</i> whereas their nymphs prefer nymphs of <i>L. decolor</i>. Field evaluation of <i>X. flavipes</i> is required for their incorporation into psocid pest management.
ISSN:2075-4450

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