Research Review and Prospect of Litchi Fruit Cracking
Litchi is the most important high-quality fruit tree species in South China, and is also a representative fruit tree with aril as the edible part in the Sapindaceae family. However, frequent fruit cracking affects the yield and fruit quality of litchi during the growth and development, in particular...
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Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Guangdong nongye kexue |
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| Online Access: | http://gdnykx.cnjournals.org/gdnykx/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=202411013 |
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| author | Xiwen LI Haoshuang SUN Xuequn PANG Zhaoqi ZHANG |
| author_facet | Xiwen LI Haoshuang SUN Xuequn PANG Zhaoqi ZHANG |
| author_sort | Xiwen LI |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Litchi is the most important high-quality fruit tree species in South China, and is also a representative fruit tree with aril as the edible part in the Sapindaceae family. However, frequent fruit cracking affects the yield and fruit quality of litchi during the growth and development, in particular for the high-value litchi varieties, such as 'Nuomici' and 'Guiwei'. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors affecting fruit cracking, and to breed crack-resistant varieties to prevent and mitigate fruit cracking, thus promote the sustainable development of litchi. In this review, we introduce the phenomenon of litchi fruit cracking and the diversity of fruit cracking types, and emphasize the distinct feature of litchi fruit cracking along the suture line. We also summarize the causes of litchi fruit cracking at different developmental stages and among different varieties from the perspectives of growth environmental conditions, litchi variety characteristics (genetics, fruit size, seed type, pericarp characteristics), and etc., and the research progress in its physiology and molecular biology including pulp TSS, calcium content, cell wall components and their associated enzymes. The review points out that although there are great differences in the susceptibility of fruit cracking among different litchi varieties, so far, we have not been able to identify the key enzymes or major genes related to fruit cracking; compared with other fruits, litchi fruit cracking has a certain degree of specificity, which is manifested in that litchi fruit cracking peaks at the stage from the green fruit stage to the color turning stage, and that the fruits always crack along the suture line with the pulp remaining intact. In the future, researches should be strengthened on the relationship between the structure of the suture line and fruit cracking in litchi fruit, and the possible influence of seed type on the susceptibility to fruit cracking. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3abda81377554ffa8d65b5d4c4c3b174 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1004-874X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Guangdong nongye kexue |
| spelling | doaj-art-3abda81377554ffa8d65b5d4c4c3b1742025-01-18T06:57:00ZengGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangdong nongye kexue1004-874X2024-11-01511113614810.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.11.013202411013Research Review and Prospect of Litchi Fruit CrackingXiwen LI0Haoshuang SUN1Xuequn PANG2Zhaoqi ZHANG3College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Preservation/Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for the Preservation of Southern Horticultural Products, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Preservation/Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for the Preservation of Southern Horticultural Products, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Preservation/Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for the Preservation of Southern Horticultural Products, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Preservation/Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for the Preservation of Southern Horticultural Products, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaLitchi is the most important high-quality fruit tree species in South China, and is also a representative fruit tree with aril as the edible part in the Sapindaceae family. However, frequent fruit cracking affects the yield and fruit quality of litchi during the growth and development, in particular for the high-value litchi varieties, such as 'Nuomici' and 'Guiwei'. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors affecting fruit cracking, and to breed crack-resistant varieties to prevent and mitigate fruit cracking, thus promote the sustainable development of litchi. In this review, we introduce the phenomenon of litchi fruit cracking and the diversity of fruit cracking types, and emphasize the distinct feature of litchi fruit cracking along the suture line. We also summarize the causes of litchi fruit cracking at different developmental stages and among different varieties from the perspectives of growth environmental conditions, litchi variety characteristics (genetics, fruit size, seed type, pericarp characteristics), and etc., and the research progress in its physiology and molecular biology including pulp TSS, calcium content, cell wall components and their associated enzymes. The review points out that although there are great differences in the susceptibility of fruit cracking among different litchi varieties, so far, we have not been able to identify the key enzymes or major genes related to fruit cracking; compared with other fruits, litchi fruit cracking has a certain degree of specificity, which is manifested in that litchi fruit cracking peaks at the stage from the green fruit stage to the color turning stage, and that the fruits always crack along the suture line with the pulp remaining intact. In the future, researches should be strengthened on the relationship between the structure of the suture line and fruit cracking in litchi fruit, and the possible influence of seed type on the susceptibility to fruit cracking.http://gdnykx.cnjournals.org/gdnykx/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=202411013litchifruit cracking phenomenonfruit cracking typefruit cracking causesuturemolecular mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Xiwen LI Haoshuang SUN Xuequn PANG Zhaoqi ZHANG Research Review and Prospect of Litchi Fruit Cracking Guangdong nongye kexue litchi fruit cracking phenomenon fruit cracking type fruit cracking cause suture molecular mechanism |
| title | Research Review and Prospect of Litchi Fruit Cracking |
| title_full | Research Review and Prospect of Litchi Fruit Cracking |
| title_fullStr | Research Review and Prospect of Litchi Fruit Cracking |
| title_full_unstemmed | Research Review and Prospect of Litchi Fruit Cracking |
| title_short | Research Review and Prospect of Litchi Fruit Cracking |
| title_sort | research review and prospect of litchi fruit cracking |
| topic | litchi fruit cracking phenomenon fruit cracking type fruit cracking cause suture molecular mechanism |
| url | http://gdnykx.cnjournals.org/gdnykx/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=202411013 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiwenli researchreviewandprospectoflitchifruitcracking AT haoshuangsun researchreviewandprospectoflitchifruitcracking AT xuequnpang researchreviewandprospectoflitchifruitcracking AT zhaoqizhang researchreviewandprospectoflitchifruitcracking |