Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Growth and Immune System Performance and Improves Erythropoiesis and Angiogenesis in Gibel Carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>)
This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the growth performance, immune response, and oxygen-transport-related factors of Gibel carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>). An eight-week culturing experiment was designed with...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Xinlan Bai Lu Zhang Hualiang Liang Dongyu Huang Mingchun Ren Haifeng Mi |
| author_facet | Xinlan Bai Lu Zhang Hualiang Liang Dongyu Huang Mingchun Ren Haifeng Mi |
| author_sort | Xinlan Bai |
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| description | This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the growth performance, immune response, and oxygen-transport-related factors of Gibel carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>). An eight-week culturing experiment was designed with five experimental diets, with the actual GABA content being 368 mg/kg (G1, control group), 449 mg/kg (G2), 527 mg/kg (G3), 602 mg/kg (G4), and 675 mg/kg (G5). The results showed that the level of 527 mg/kg (G3) of GABA significantly increased the specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain rate (WGR), and final body weight (FBW) of Gibel carp, while the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), and glucose (GLU) were also increased significantly. In addition, 527 mg/kg (G3) and 602 mg/kg (G4) of GABA significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). The mRNA expression of <i>tnf-α</i>, <i>tgf-β</i>, and <i>il-10</i> was significantly increased at the level of 449 mg/kg (G2). In terms of oxygen-carrying capacity, the mRNA expression of <i>epo</i>, <i>tf</i>, <i>tfr1</i>, <i>ho-1</i>, and <i>vegf</i> was markedly increased at the level of 449 mg/kg (G2). In conclusion, dietary GABA supplementation can boost growth performance, enhance the immune system, and increase oxygen-carrying capacity in Gibel carp. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2bf49488313e47de967c347242db30c7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-2bf49488313e47de967c347242db30c72025-01-24T13:17:40ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-01-0115212510.3390/ani15020125Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Growth and Immune System Performance and Improves Erythropoiesis and Angiogenesis in Gibel Carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>)Xinlan Bai0Lu Zhang1Hualiang Liang2Dongyu Huang3Mingchun Ren4Haifeng Mi5Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaTongwei Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Healthy Culture of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610093, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, ChinaTongwei Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Healthy Culture of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610093, ChinaThis experiment aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the growth performance, immune response, and oxygen-transport-related factors of Gibel carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>). An eight-week culturing experiment was designed with five experimental diets, with the actual GABA content being 368 mg/kg (G1, control group), 449 mg/kg (G2), 527 mg/kg (G3), 602 mg/kg (G4), and 675 mg/kg (G5). The results showed that the level of 527 mg/kg (G3) of GABA significantly increased the specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain rate (WGR), and final body weight (FBW) of Gibel carp, while the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), and glucose (GLU) were also increased significantly. In addition, 527 mg/kg (G3) and 602 mg/kg (G4) of GABA significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). The mRNA expression of <i>tnf-α</i>, <i>tgf-β</i>, and <i>il-10</i> was significantly increased at the level of 449 mg/kg (G2). In terms of oxygen-carrying capacity, the mRNA expression of <i>epo</i>, <i>tf</i>, <i>tfr1</i>, <i>ho-1</i>, and <i>vegf</i> was markedly increased at the level of 449 mg/kg (G2). In conclusion, dietary GABA supplementation can boost growth performance, enhance the immune system, and increase oxygen-carrying capacity in Gibel carp.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/125GABAGibel carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>)growth performanceimmuneoxygen carrying |
| spellingShingle | Xinlan Bai Lu Zhang Hualiang Liang Dongyu Huang Mingchun Ren Haifeng Mi Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Growth and Immune System Performance and Improves Erythropoiesis and Angiogenesis in Gibel Carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>) Animals GABA Gibel carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>) growth performance immune oxygen carrying |
| title | Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Growth and Immune System Performance and Improves Erythropoiesis and Angiogenesis in Gibel Carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>) |
| title_full | Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Growth and Immune System Performance and Improves Erythropoiesis and Angiogenesis in Gibel Carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Growth and Immune System Performance and Improves Erythropoiesis and Angiogenesis in Gibel Carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Growth and Immune System Performance and Improves Erythropoiesis and Angiogenesis in Gibel Carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>) |
| title_short | Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid Promotes Growth and Immune System Performance and Improves Erythropoiesis and Angiogenesis in Gibel Carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>) |
| title_sort | dietary γ aminobutyric acid promotes growth and immune system performance and improves erythropoiesis and angiogenesis in gibel carp i carassius auratus gibelio i |
| topic | GABA Gibel carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>) growth performance immune oxygen carrying |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/125 |
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