Smoking increases risk of complication after musculoskeletal surgery
Smoking is the most significant and modifiable risk factor for a range of conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Furthermore, it significantly reduces bone mass and increases the risk of fragility fractures due to its detrimental effects on bone metabolism and regener...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
2024-07-01
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| Series: | EXCLI Journal : Experimental and Clinical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.excli.de/excli/article/view/7306 |
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