Reducing intraoperative hemorrhage in type II caesarean scar pregnancy: a study protocol comparing high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) pretreatment vs. hysteroscopy-guided suction curettage—an open-label, 1:1 parallel-group, superiority-design investigator-initiated trial (IIT)

Abstract Background The incidence of caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) has significantly increased due to the increasing prevalence of caesarean deliveries and advances in diagnostic imaging. However, no consensus has yet been reached on the optimal therapeutic approach. Type II CSP leads to disease he...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Changmei Sang, Qiuling Shi, Lei Zhao, Yanjun Kang, Shuping Zhao, Zhibiao Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Trials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-025-08967-8
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