Antibiotic Prescription Practice and Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study from Jordan
<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Neonatal sepsis is a systemic inflammation in neonates caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi that can progress into severe conditions. In developing countries, neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality and a major public health issue with a high prevalen...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/105 |
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| author | Mariam Alameri Lobna Gharaibeh Mervat Alsous Aseel Yaghi Asma’a Tanash Saqr Sa’id Hanan Sartawi |
| author_facet | Mariam Alameri Lobna Gharaibeh Mervat Alsous Aseel Yaghi Asma’a Tanash Saqr Sa’id Hanan Sartawi |
| author_sort | Mariam Alameri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Neonatal sepsis is a systemic inflammation in neonates caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi that can progress into severe conditions. In developing countries, neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality and a major public health issue with a high prevalence. This study aims to evaluate the antibiotic prescription practice and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at the largest governmental hospital in Amman, Jordan. <b>Methods</b>: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. The antibiotic prescription practice and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from the NICU at Al Basheer Government Hospital in Amman, Jordan, were evaluated. The hospital’s microbiology lab database and medical records were the sources of the retrospective data collection. <b>Results</b>: A total of 266 neonates treated with antibiotics were assessed. The findings showed that most neonates had late-onset sepsis (LOS) (65.4%). The penicillin group of antibiotics (ampicillin) was the most highly prescribed first empiric antibiotic for LOS and early-onset sepsis (EOS) (61.7%). Aminoglycosides (60.9%) were the most prescribed antibiotics as a second empiric treatment for EOS and LOS. The culture results showed that resistance to antibiotics was as follows: 15.4% of the culture samples were resistant to penicillin (<i>Micrococcus</i> and <i>Viridans streptococci</i>), 13.9% were resistant to cefotaxime (<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Viridans streptococci</i>), 13.2% were resistant to cefoxitin (<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>), and 12.4% were resistant to oxacillin (<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>). <b>Conclusions</b>: This retrospective study sheds light on the antibiotic prescription practice and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from newborns with sepsis. The results highlight the high rates of antibiotic resistance. These findings underline the urgent need for improved antibiotic stewardship and infection control strategies to prevent resistance from spreading further. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1ea4c39f35a644eda01d7ab56087e3f4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj-art-1ea4c39f35a644eda01d7ab56087e3f42025-01-24T13:19:02ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822025-01-0114110510.3390/antibiotics14010105Antibiotic Prescription Practice and Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study from JordanMariam Alameri0Lobna Gharaibeh1Mervat Alsous2Aseel Yaghi3Asma’a Tanash4Saqr Sa’id5Hanan Sartawi6Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, JordanBiopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, AI-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 11941, JordanDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, JordanBiopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, AI-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 11941, JordanClinical Pharmacy Department, Al Basheer Government Hospital, Ministry of Health, Amman 11941, JordanMicrobiology Department, Al Basheer Government Hospital, Ministry of Health, Amman 11941, JordanPharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy Directorate, Ministry of Health, Amman 11941, Jordan<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Neonatal sepsis is a systemic inflammation in neonates caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi that can progress into severe conditions. In developing countries, neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality and a major public health issue with a high prevalence. This study aims to evaluate the antibiotic prescription practice and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at the largest governmental hospital in Amman, Jordan. <b>Methods</b>: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. The antibiotic prescription practice and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from the NICU at Al Basheer Government Hospital in Amman, Jordan, were evaluated. The hospital’s microbiology lab database and medical records were the sources of the retrospective data collection. <b>Results</b>: A total of 266 neonates treated with antibiotics were assessed. The findings showed that most neonates had late-onset sepsis (LOS) (65.4%). The penicillin group of antibiotics (ampicillin) was the most highly prescribed first empiric antibiotic for LOS and early-onset sepsis (EOS) (61.7%). Aminoglycosides (60.9%) were the most prescribed antibiotics as a second empiric treatment for EOS and LOS. The culture results showed that resistance to antibiotics was as follows: 15.4% of the culture samples were resistant to penicillin (<i>Micrococcus</i> and <i>Viridans streptococci</i>), 13.9% were resistant to cefotaxime (<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Viridans streptococci</i>), 13.2% were resistant to cefoxitin (<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>), and 12.4% were resistant to oxacillin (<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>). <b>Conclusions</b>: This retrospective study sheds light on the antibiotic prescription practice and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from newborns with sepsis. The results highlight the high rates of antibiotic resistance. These findings underline the urgent need for improved antibiotic stewardship and infection control strategies to prevent resistance from spreading further.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/105neonatal sepsisempirical antibioticantibiotic resistancevancomycinneonatal intensive care unitJordan |
| spellingShingle | Mariam Alameri Lobna Gharaibeh Mervat Alsous Aseel Yaghi Asma’a Tanash Saqr Sa’id Hanan Sartawi Antibiotic Prescription Practice and Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study from Jordan Antibiotics neonatal sepsis empirical antibiotic antibiotic resistance vancomycin neonatal intensive care unit Jordan |
| title | Antibiotic Prescription Practice and Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study from Jordan |
| title_full | Antibiotic Prescription Practice and Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study from Jordan |
| title_fullStr | Antibiotic Prescription Practice and Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study from Jordan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibiotic Prescription Practice and Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study from Jordan |
| title_short | Antibiotic Prescription Practice and Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study from Jordan |
| title_sort | antibiotic prescription practice and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from a neonatal intensive care unit a retrospective study from jordan |
| topic | neonatal sepsis empirical antibiotic antibiotic resistance vancomycin neonatal intensive care unit Jordan |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/105 |
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