Venoms and Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier in Venom Biology
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticle-sized vesicles secreted by nearly all cell types under normal physiological conditions. In toxicological research, EVs have emerged as a crucial link between public health and multi-omics approaches, offering insights into cellular responses to disease-c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/1/36 |
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| author | Auwal A. Bala Naoual Oukkache Elda E. Sanchez Montamas Suntravat Jacob A. Galan |
| author_facet | Auwal A. Bala Naoual Oukkache Elda E. Sanchez Montamas Suntravat Jacob A. Galan |
| author_sort | Auwal A. Bala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticle-sized vesicles secreted by nearly all cell types under normal physiological conditions. In toxicological research, EVs have emerged as a crucial link between public health and multi-omics approaches, offering insights into cellular responses to disease-causing injury agents such as environmental and biological toxins, contaminants, and drugs. Notably, EVs present a unique opportunity to deepen our understanding of the pathophysiology of envenomation by natural toxins. Recent advancements in isolating and purifying EV cargo, mass spectrometry techniques, and bioinformatics have positioned EVs as potential biomarkers that could elucidate biological signaling pathways and provide valuable information on the relationship between venomous toxins, their mechanisms of action, and the effectiveness of antivenoms. Additionally, EVs hold promise as proxies for various aspects of envenomation, including the toxin dosage, biological characterization, injury progression, and prognosis during therapeutic interventions. These aspects can be explored through multi-omics technology applied to EV contents from the plasma, saliva, or urine samples of envenomated individuals, offering a comprehensive integrative approach to understanding and managing envenomation cases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1d830922f3214b1aa4a32fe2e733a664 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj-art-1d830922f3214b1aa4a32fe2e733a6642025-01-24T13:51:17ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512025-01-011713610.3390/toxins17010036Venoms and Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier in Venom BiologyAuwal A. Bala0Naoual Oukkache1Elda E. Sanchez2Montamas Suntravat3Jacob A. Galan4Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USALaboratory of Venoms and Toxins, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca 20360, MoroccoDepartment of Chemistry and National Natural Toxins Research Center, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USADepartment of Chemistry and National Natural Toxins Research Center, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USADepartment of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USAExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticle-sized vesicles secreted by nearly all cell types under normal physiological conditions. In toxicological research, EVs have emerged as a crucial link between public health and multi-omics approaches, offering insights into cellular responses to disease-causing injury agents such as environmental and biological toxins, contaminants, and drugs. Notably, EVs present a unique opportunity to deepen our understanding of the pathophysiology of envenomation by natural toxins. Recent advancements in isolating and purifying EV cargo, mass spectrometry techniques, and bioinformatics have positioned EVs as potential biomarkers that could elucidate biological signaling pathways and provide valuable information on the relationship between venomous toxins, their mechanisms of action, and the effectiveness of antivenoms. Additionally, EVs hold promise as proxies for various aspects of envenomation, including the toxin dosage, biological characterization, injury progression, and prognosis during therapeutic interventions. These aspects can be explored through multi-omics technology applied to EV contents from the plasma, saliva, or urine samples of envenomated individuals, offering a comprehensive integrative approach to understanding and managing envenomation cases.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/1/36exosomesextracellular vesiclesEV-omicsenvenomingacute injurybiomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Auwal A. Bala Naoual Oukkache Elda E. Sanchez Montamas Suntravat Jacob A. Galan Venoms and Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier in Venom Biology Toxins exosomes extracellular vesicles EV-omics envenoming acute injury biomarkers |
| title | Venoms and Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier in Venom Biology |
| title_full | Venoms and Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier in Venom Biology |
| title_fullStr | Venoms and Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier in Venom Biology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Venoms and Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier in Venom Biology |
| title_short | Venoms and Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier in Venom Biology |
| title_sort | venoms and extracellular vesicles a new frontier in venom biology |
| topic | exosomes extracellular vesicles EV-omics envenoming acute injury biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/1/36 |
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