Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis
Eccentric training may be more effective for muscle strength, but the optimal duration, intensity, and contraction velocity for improving upper limb strength remain unclear. We conducted a search across four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane) to evaluate the impact of eccentric...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-03-01
|
| Series: | Life |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/3/456 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849342201747734528 |
|---|---|
| author | Zhe Bai Dong Zhang Dongxue Liang Xiaoke Chen Xinyu Shi Shu Chen |
| author_facet | Zhe Bai Dong Zhang Dongxue Liang Xiaoke Chen Xinyu Shi Shu Chen |
| author_sort | Zhe Bai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Eccentric training may be more effective for muscle strength, but the optimal duration, intensity, and contraction velocity for improving upper limb strength remain unclear. We conducted a search across four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane) to evaluate the impact of eccentric training on upper limb skeletal muscle strength. A meta-analysis using standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was performed. The results from 11 studies involving 368 participants indicated that eccentric training significantly enhanced upper limb strength (SMD = 0.55, CI: 0.32–0.79). Subgroup analysis showed a slight increase in strength in the 1–4 week period (SMD = 0.38, CI: 0.02–0.73), a significant increase in the 4–8 week period (SMD = 0.69, CI: 0.27–1.10), and a substantial increase at 20 weeks (SMD = 0.71, CI: 0.22–1.21). Moderate intensity showed moderate improvements (SMD = 0.47, CI: 0.18–0.77), while high intensity led to significant adaptations (SMD = 0.70, CI: 0.30–1.10). Rapid eccentric contractions (SMD = 0.70, CI: 0.39–1.02) outperformed slow contractions (SMD = 0.35, CI: −0.01–0.71). Eccentric training is effective, with significant results generally requiring 4–8 weeks of high-intensity rapid eccentric training. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1d16812145824f3b807d311a1f5f0255 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj-art-1d16812145824f3b807d311a1f5f02552025-08-20T03:43:27ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292025-03-0115345610.3390/life15030456Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-AnalysisZhe Bai0Dong Zhang1Dongxue Liang2Xiaoke Chen3Xinyu Shi4Shu Chen5Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Emerging Interdisciplinary Platform for Medicine and Engineering in Sports, Beijing 100191, ChinaInstitute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Emerging Interdisciplinary Platform for Medicine and Engineering in Sports, Beijing 100191, ChinaInstitute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Emerging Interdisciplinary Platform for Medicine and Engineering in Sports, Beijing 100191, ChinaDepartment of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaInstitute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Emerging Interdisciplinary Platform for Medicine and Engineering in Sports, Beijing 100191, ChinaInstitute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Emerging Interdisciplinary Platform for Medicine and Engineering in Sports, Beijing 100191, ChinaEccentric training may be more effective for muscle strength, but the optimal duration, intensity, and contraction velocity for improving upper limb strength remain unclear. We conducted a search across four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane) to evaluate the impact of eccentric training on upper limb skeletal muscle strength. A meta-analysis using standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was performed. The results from 11 studies involving 368 participants indicated that eccentric training significantly enhanced upper limb strength (SMD = 0.55, CI: 0.32–0.79). Subgroup analysis showed a slight increase in strength in the 1–4 week period (SMD = 0.38, CI: 0.02–0.73), a significant increase in the 4–8 week period (SMD = 0.69, CI: 0.27–1.10), and a substantial increase at 20 weeks (SMD = 0.71, CI: 0.22–1.21). Moderate intensity showed moderate improvements (SMD = 0.47, CI: 0.18–0.77), while high intensity led to significant adaptations (SMD = 0.70, CI: 0.30–1.10). Rapid eccentric contractions (SMD = 0.70, CI: 0.39–1.02) outperformed slow contractions (SMD = 0.35, CI: −0.01–0.71). Eccentric training is effective, with significant results generally requiring 4–8 weeks of high-intensity rapid eccentric training.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/3/456eccentric trainingupper limb musclemuscle strengthintensitydurationcontraction velocity |
| spellingShingle | Zhe Bai Dong Zhang Dongxue Liang Xiaoke Chen Xinyu Shi Shu Chen Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis Life eccentric training upper limb muscle muscle strength intensity duration contraction velocity |
| title | Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | effect of eccentric training with different durations intensities and contraction velocities on upper limb muscle strength a meta analysis |
| topic | eccentric training upper limb muscle muscle strength intensity duration contraction velocity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/3/456 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhebai effectofeccentrictrainingwithdifferentdurationsintensitiesandcontractionvelocitiesonupperlimbmusclestrengthametaanalysis AT dongzhang effectofeccentrictrainingwithdifferentdurationsintensitiesandcontractionvelocitiesonupperlimbmusclestrengthametaanalysis AT dongxueliang effectofeccentrictrainingwithdifferentdurationsintensitiesandcontractionvelocitiesonupperlimbmusclestrengthametaanalysis AT xiaokechen effectofeccentrictrainingwithdifferentdurationsintensitiesandcontractionvelocitiesonupperlimbmusclestrengthametaanalysis AT xinyushi effectofeccentrictrainingwithdifferentdurationsintensitiesandcontractionvelocitiesonupperlimbmusclestrengthametaanalysis AT shuchen effectofeccentrictrainingwithdifferentdurationsintensitiesandcontractionvelocitiesonupperlimbmusclestrengthametaanalysis |