Pancreatic Function, Type 2 Diabetes, and Metabolism in Aging
Aging is a risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes. Of the reported 25.8 million Americans estimated to have diabetes, 26.9% are over the age of 65. In certain ethnic groups, the proportion is even higher; almost 1 in 3 older Hispanics and African Americans and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/320482 |
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| _version_ | 1832560298320461824 |
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| author | Zhenwei Gong Radhika H. Muzumdar |
| author_facet | Zhenwei Gong Radhika H. Muzumdar |
| author_sort | Zhenwei Gong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aging is a risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes. Of the reported 25.8 million Americans estimated to have diabetes, 26.9% are over the age of 65.
In certain ethnic groups, the proportion is even higher; almost 1 in 3 older Hispanics and African Americans and 3 out of 4 Pima Indian elders have diabetes.
As per the NHANES III (Third National Health and Nutrition Examination) survey, the percentage of physician-diagnosed diabetes increased from 3.9% in
middle-aged adults (40–49 years) to 13.2% in elderly adults (≥75 years). The higher incidence of diabetes is especially alarming considering that diabetes
in itself increases the risk for multiple other age-related diseases such as cancer, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s
disease (AD). In this review, we summarize the current evidence on how aging affects pancreatic β cell function, β cell mass, insulin secretion and insulin
sensitivity. We also review the effects of aging on the relationship between insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Understanding the mechanisms that lead to
impaired glucose homeostasis and T2D in the elderly will lead to development of novel treatments that will prevent or delay diabetes, substantially improve quality
of life and ultimately increase overall life span. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1ced4429c1d54838bd66726be2f9f0bc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8337 1687-8345 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-1ced4429c1d54838bd66726be2f9f0bc2025-02-03T01:27:53ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452012-01-01201210.1155/2012/320482320482Pancreatic Function, Type 2 Diabetes, and Metabolism in AgingZhenwei Gong0Radhika H. Muzumdar1Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Endocrinology and Geriatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Divisions of Endocrinology and Geriatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USAAging is a risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes. Of the reported 25.8 million Americans estimated to have diabetes, 26.9% are over the age of 65. In certain ethnic groups, the proportion is even higher; almost 1 in 3 older Hispanics and African Americans and 3 out of 4 Pima Indian elders have diabetes. As per the NHANES III (Third National Health and Nutrition Examination) survey, the percentage of physician-diagnosed diabetes increased from 3.9% in middle-aged adults (40–49 years) to 13.2% in elderly adults (≥75 years). The higher incidence of diabetes is especially alarming considering that diabetes in itself increases the risk for multiple other age-related diseases such as cancer, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this review, we summarize the current evidence on how aging affects pancreatic β cell function, β cell mass, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. We also review the effects of aging on the relationship between insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Understanding the mechanisms that lead to impaired glucose homeostasis and T2D in the elderly will lead to development of novel treatments that will prevent or delay diabetes, substantially improve quality of life and ultimately increase overall life span.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/320482 |
| spellingShingle | Zhenwei Gong Radhika H. Muzumdar Pancreatic Function, Type 2 Diabetes, and Metabolism in Aging International Journal of Endocrinology |
| title | Pancreatic Function, Type 2 Diabetes, and Metabolism in Aging |
| title_full | Pancreatic Function, Type 2 Diabetes, and Metabolism in Aging |
| title_fullStr | Pancreatic Function, Type 2 Diabetes, and Metabolism in Aging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pancreatic Function, Type 2 Diabetes, and Metabolism in Aging |
| title_short | Pancreatic Function, Type 2 Diabetes, and Metabolism in Aging |
| title_sort | pancreatic function type 2 diabetes and metabolism in aging |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/320482 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhenweigong pancreaticfunctiontype2diabetesandmetabolisminaging AT radhikahmuzumdar pancreaticfunctiontype2diabetesandmetabolisminaging |