Evolution of the Early Universe in Einstein–Cartan Theory

Einstein–Cartan theory is a generalization of general relativity that introduces spacetime torsion. In this paper, we perform phase space analysis to investigate the evolution of the early universe in Einstein–Cartan theory. By studying the stability of critical points in the dynamical system, we fi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Qihong Huang, He Huang, Bing Xu, Kaituo Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Universe
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/11/5/147
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