North America’s Potential for an Environmentally Sustainable Nickel, Manganese, and Cobalt Battery Value Chain

North America’s Potential for an Environmentally Sustainable Nickel, Manganese, and Cobalt Battery Value Chain

The Detroit Big Three General Motors (GMs), Ford, and Stellantis predict that electric vehicle (EV) sales will comprise 40–50% of the annual vehicle sales by 2030. Among the key components of LIBs, the LiNixMnyCo<sub>1−x−y</sub>O<sub>2</sub> cathode, which comprises nickel, m...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gary Vegh, Anil Kumar Madikere Raghunatha Reddy, Xia Li, Sixu Deng, Tongchao Liu, Khalil Amine, Karim Zaghib
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Batteries
Subjects:
lithium-ion battery
mine-to-cells
NMC cathode materials
green battery
battery passport
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/11/377
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