Structural Evolution of Burmese Amber during Petrifaction Based on a Comparison of the Spectral Characteristics of Amber, Copal, and Rosin
This paper presents a spectroscopic analysis and solubility study of rosin, copal, and Burmese amber samples to reveal the structural changes that occur during amber formation. The infrared spectra indicate that during the long geological process of amber formation, small resin molecules first cross...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Spectroscopy |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6904541 |
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| _version_ | 1832567078249299968 |
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| author | Feng Bai Huifang Liang Hongting Qu |
| author_facet | Feng Bai Huifang Liang Hongting Qu |
| author_sort | Feng Bai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents a spectroscopic analysis and solubility study of rosin, copal, and Burmese amber samples to reveal the structural changes that occur during amber formation. The infrared spectra indicate that during the long geological process of amber formation, small resin molecules first crosslinked and slowly oxidized, eventually forming a stable organic polymer mixture. An analysis of Raman peak areas demonstrated that among the tested samples, the degree of polymerization is highest in Burmese amber and lowest in rosin. Ultraviolet-visible spectra indicate the presence of unsaturated bonds (e.g., carbonyl groups) or conjugated systems in Burmese amber, copal, and rosin. The evaluation of amber, rosin, and copal solubility in six solvents (ethanol, acetone, 1,4-dioxane, ethylacetate, N,N-dimethylamide, and dichloromethane) demonstrated that solubility decreases in the following order: rosin > copal > Burmese amber. Together, the results suggest that the structure of Burmese amber includes large organic molecules containing six-membered rings along with CH2, CH3, C=O, C=C, C–O, and C–C groups. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1a1fb9794a514f0ea2c7b5d1881f2ee5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-4920 2314-4939 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Spectroscopy |
| spelling | doaj-art-1a1fb9794a514f0ea2c7b5d1881f2ee52025-02-03T01:02:23ZengWileyJournal of Spectroscopy2314-49202314-49392019-01-01201910.1155/2019/69045416904541Structural Evolution of Burmese Amber during Petrifaction Based on a Comparison of the Spectral Characteristics of Amber, Copal, and RosinFeng Bai0Huifang Liang1Hongting Qu2School of Gemmology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemmology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemmology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaThis paper presents a spectroscopic analysis and solubility study of rosin, copal, and Burmese amber samples to reveal the structural changes that occur during amber formation. The infrared spectra indicate that during the long geological process of amber formation, small resin molecules first crosslinked and slowly oxidized, eventually forming a stable organic polymer mixture. An analysis of Raman peak areas demonstrated that among the tested samples, the degree of polymerization is highest in Burmese amber and lowest in rosin. Ultraviolet-visible spectra indicate the presence of unsaturated bonds (e.g., carbonyl groups) or conjugated systems in Burmese amber, copal, and rosin. The evaluation of amber, rosin, and copal solubility in six solvents (ethanol, acetone, 1,4-dioxane, ethylacetate, N,N-dimethylamide, and dichloromethane) demonstrated that solubility decreases in the following order: rosin > copal > Burmese amber. Together, the results suggest that the structure of Burmese amber includes large organic molecules containing six-membered rings along with CH2, CH3, C=O, C=C, C–O, and C–C groups.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6904541 |
| spellingShingle | Feng Bai Huifang Liang Hongting Qu Structural Evolution of Burmese Amber during Petrifaction Based on a Comparison of the Spectral Characteristics of Amber, Copal, and Rosin Journal of Spectroscopy |
| title | Structural Evolution of Burmese Amber during Petrifaction Based on a Comparison of the Spectral Characteristics of Amber, Copal, and Rosin |
| title_full | Structural Evolution of Burmese Amber during Petrifaction Based on a Comparison of the Spectral Characteristics of Amber, Copal, and Rosin |
| title_fullStr | Structural Evolution of Burmese Amber during Petrifaction Based on a Comparison of the Spectral Characteristics of Amber, Copal, and Rosin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural Evolution of Burmese Amber during Petrifaction Based on a Comparison of the Spectral Characteristics of Amber, Copal, and Rosin |
| title_short | Structural Evolution of Burmese Amber during Petrifaction Based on a Comparison of the Spectral Characteristics of Amber, Copal, and Rosin |
| title_sort | structural evolution of burmese amber during petrifaction based on a comparison of the spectral characteristics of amber copal and rosin |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6904541 |
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