Levels of DEFA1, Progranulin, and NRG4 in Patients with Autonomic Neuropathy: Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis

Levels of DEFA1, Progranulin, and NRG4 in Patients with Autonomic Neuropathy: Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis

Background: Diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) is a severe complication of diabetes that affects the autonomic nervous system, impacting cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and other systems. This study examines the levels of three potential biomarkers—DEFA1, progranulin, and NRG4—to a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Diana Nikolova, Zdravko Kamenov, Julieta Hristova, Antoaneta Trifonova Gateva
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Metabolites
Subjects:
diabetic autonomic neuropathy
DEFA1
progranulin
NRG4
biomarkers
inflammation
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/3/169
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