Validation and Evaluation of Two Observational Pain Assessment Tools in a Trauma and Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit

BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that patients in the intensive care unit experience high levels of pain. While many of these patients are nonverbal at some point during their stay, there are few valid tools available to assess pain in this group.

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jane Topolovec-Vranic, Celine Gélinas, Yangmei Li, Mary Ann Pollmann-Mudryj, Jennifer Innis, Amanda McFarlan, Sonya Canzian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2013-01-01
Series:Pain Research and Management
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/263104
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