Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.
This study offers a comparative evaluation of the impact of carbon fiber reinforcement on polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) matrices, focusing on their application in fused deposition modeling (FDM). Composite filaments with varying micro carbon fiber (MCF) contents were fabricated for bo...
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Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
2025-01-01
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| Series: | JES: Journal of Engineering Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_399639_e4590966228512d333578cc9ced00f17.pdf |
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| author | Alhassan Abdelhafeez Yasser Abdelrhman M-Emad Soliman Shemy Ahmed |
| author_facet | Alhassan Abdelhafeez Yasser Abdelrhman M-Emad Soliman Shemy Ahmed |
| author_sort | Alhassan Abdelhafeez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study offers a comparative evaluation of the impact of carbon fiber reinforcement on polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) matrices, focusing on their application in fused deposition modeling (FDM). Composite filaments with varying micro carbon fiber (MCF) contents were fabricated for both matrices, with their mechanical, moisture absorption, and morphological properties thoroughly characterized. In PP composites, MCF addition significantly improved tensile and flexural strengths, achieving optimal enhancement at 9.09 wt%, where tensile and flexural strengths rose by 75% and 100%, respectively, compared to pure PP. Conversely, PLA composites showed slight strength increases at lower MCF contents (below 5 wt%) but experienced strength reductions as fiber content exceeded this threshold. However, both materials exhibited increased stiffness (elastic modulus) with rising MCF levels, though PLA achieved optimal strength at a lower fiber loading. Moisture absorption increased in both matrices as fiber content rose; PP showed a proportional increase, whereas PLA displayed more pronounced absorption due to inter- and intra-filament porosities. Optical microscopy (OM) highlighted further differences: PP retained fiber distribution and bonding over a wide range of MCF levels, while PLA showed strong fiber adhesion and ductile fracture behavior at lower MCF, shifting to brittle fracture and void formation at higher levels. Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) modeling corroborated these trends, identifying optimal MCF content as 9.09 wt% for PP and around 2.5 wt% for PLA. These findings provide guidance on selecting material and fiber loading for FDM applications, with each material achieving a unique balance of mechanical performance and moisture resistance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-12c5551a5b0244c8afa31e1c92c49f9e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1687-0530 2356-8550 |
| language | Arabic |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JES: Journal of Engineering Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-12c5551a5b0244c8afa31e1c92c49f9e2025-08-20T02:39:42ZaraAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES: Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-05302356-85502025-01-01531254410.21608/jesaun.2024.334433.1381399639Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.Alhassan Abdelhafeez0Yasser Abdelrhman1M-Emad Soliman2Shemy Ahmed3Mechanical Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, EgyptMechanical Design and Production Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering - Assiut University, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, 11952, Saudi ArabiaMechanical Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, EgyptMechanical Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, EgyptThis study offers a comparative evaluation of the impact of carbon fiber reinforcement on polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) matrices, focusing on their application in fused deposition modeling (FDM). Composite filaments with varying micro carbon fiber (MCF) contents were fabricated for both matrices, with their mechanical, moisture absorption, and morphological properties thoroughly characterized. In PP composites, MCF addition significantly improved tensile and flexural strengths, achieving optimal enhancement at 9.09 wt%, where tensile and flexural strengths rose by 75% and 100%, respectively, compared to pure PP. Conversely, PLA composites showed slight strength increases at lower MCF contents (below 5 wt%) but experienced strength reductions as fiber content exceeded this threshold. However, both materials exhibited increased stiffness (elastic modulus) with rising MCF levels, though PLA achieved optimal strength at a lower fiber loading. Moisture absorption increased in both matrices as fiber content rose; PP showed a proportional increase, whereas PLA displayed more pronounced absorption due to inter- and intra-filament porosities. Optical microscopy (OM) highlighted further differences: PP retained fiber distribution and bonding over a wide range of MCF levels, while PLA showed strong fiber adhesion and ductile fracture behavior at lower MCF, shifting to brittle fracture and void formation at higher levels. Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) modeling corroborated these trends, identifying optimal MCF content as 9.09 wt% for PP and around 2.5 wt% for PLA. These findings provide guidance on selecting material and fiber loading for FDM applications, with each material achieving a unique balance of mechanical performance and moisture resistance.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_399639_e4590966228512d333578cc9ced00f17.pdfcarbon-fiber reinforced plasticfused deposition modelingmechanical propertieshydrophilicitygaussian process regression |
| spellingShingle | Alhassan Abdelhafeez Yasser Abdelrhman M-Emad Soliman Shemy Ahmed Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling. JES: Journal of Engineering Sciences carbon-fiber reinforced plastic fused deposition modeling mechanical properties hydrophilicity gaussian process regression |
| title | Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling. |
| title_full | Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling. |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling. |
| title_short | Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling. |
| title_sort | comparative effects of carbon fiber reinforcement on polypropylene and polylactic acid composites in fused deposition modeling |
| topic | carbon-fiber reinforced plastic fused deposition modeling mechanical properties hydrophilicity gaussian process regression |
| url | https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_399639_e4590966228512d333578cc9ced00f17.pdf |
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