Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.

This study offers a comparative evaluation of the impact of carbon fiber reinforcement on polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) matrices, focusing on their application in fused deposition modeling (FDM). Composite filaments with varying micro carbon fiber (MCF) contents were fabricated for bo...

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Main Authors: Alhassan Abdelhafeez, Yasser Abdelrhman, M-Emad Soliman, Shemy Ahmed
Format: Article
Language:Arabic
Published: Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering 2025-01-01
Series:JES: Journal of Engineering Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_399639_e4590966228512d333578cc9ced00f17.pdf
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author Alhassan Abdelhafeez
Yasser Abdelrhman
M-Emad Soliman
Shemy Ahmed
author_facet Alhassan Abdelhafeez
Yasser Abdelrhman
M-Emad Soliman
Shemy Ahmed
author_sort Alhassan Abdelhafeez
collection DOAJ
description This study offers a comparative evaluation of the impact of carbon fiber reinforcement on polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) matrices, focusing on their application in fused deposition modeling (FDM). Composite filaments with varying micro carbon fiber (MCF) contents were fabricated for both matrices, with their mechanical, moisture absorption, and morphological properties thoroughly characterized. In PP composites, MCF addition significantly improved tensile and flexural strengths, achieving optimal enhancement at 9.09 wt%, where tensile and flexural strengths rose by 75% and 100%, respectively, compared to pure PP. Conversely, PLA composites showed slight strength increases at lower MCF contents (below 5 wt%) but experienced strength reductions as fiber content exceeded this threshold. However, both materials exhibited increased stiffness (elastic modulus) with rising MCF levels, though PLA achieved optimal strength at a lower fiber loading. Moisture absorption increased in both matrices as fiber content rose; PP showed a proportional increase, whereas PLA displayed more pronounced absorption due to inter- and intra-filament porosities. Optical microscopy (OM) highlighted further differences: PP retained fiber distribution and bonding over a wide range of MCF levels, while PLA showed strong fiber adhesion and ductile fracture behavior at lower MCF, shifting to brittle fracture and void formation at higher levels. Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) modeling corroborated these trends, identifying optimal MCF content as 9.09 wt% for PP and around 2.5 wt% for PLA. These findings provide guidance on selecting material and fiber loading for FDM applications, with each material achieving a unique balance of mechanical performance and moisture resistance.
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language Arabic
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
record_format Article
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spelling doaj-art-12c5551a5b0244c8afa31e1c92c49f9e2025-08-20T02:39:42ZaraAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES: Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-05302356-85502025-01-01531254410.21608/jesaun.2024.334433.1381399639Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.Alhassan Abdelhafeez0Yasser Abdelrhman1M-Emad Soliman2Shemy Ahmed3Mechanical Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, EgyptMechanical Design and Production Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering - Assiut University, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, 11952, Saudi ArabiaMechanical Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, EgyptMechanical Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, EgyptThis study offers a comparative evaluation of the impact of carbon fiber reinforcement on polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) matrices, focusing on their application in fused deposition modeling (FDM). Composite filaments with varying micro carbon fiber (MCF) contents were fabricated for both matrices, with their mechanical, moisture absorption, and morphological properties thoroughly characterized. In PP composites, MCF addition significantly improved tensile and flexural strengths, achieving optimal enhancement at 9.09 wt%, where tensile and flexural strengths rose by 75% and 100%, respectively, compared to pure PP. Conversely, PLA composites showed slight strength increases at lower MCF contents (below 5 wt%) but experienced strength reductions as fiber content exceeded this threshold. However, both materials exhibited increased stiffness (elastic modulus) with rising MCF levels, though PLA achieved optimal strength at a lower fiber loading. Moisture absorption increased in both matrices as fiber content rose; PP showed a proportional increase, whereas PLA displayed more pronounced absorption due to inter- and intra-filament porosities. Optical microscopy (OM) highlighted further differences: PP retained fiber distribution and bonding over a wide range of MCF levels, while PLA showed strong fiber adhesion and ductile fracture behavior at lower MCF, shifting to brittle fracture and void formation at higher levels. Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) modeling corroborated these trends, identifying optimal MCF content as 9.09 wt% for PP and around 2.5 wt% for PLA. These findings provide guidance on selecting material and fiber loading for FDM applications, with each material achieving a unique balance of mechanical performance and moisture resistance.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_399639_e4590966228512d333578cc9ced00f17.pdfcarbon-fiber reinforced plasticfused deposition modelingmechanical propertieshydrophilicitygaussian process regression
spellingShingle Alhassan Abdelhafeez
Yasser Abdelrhman
M-Emad Soliman
Shemy Ahmed
Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.
JES: Journal of Engineering Sciences
carbon-fiber reinforced plastic
fused deposition modeling
mechanical properties
hydrophilicity
gaussian process regression
title Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.
title_full Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.
title_fullStr Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.
title_full_unstemmed Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.
title_short Comparative Effects of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on Polypropylene and Polylactic Acid Composites in Fused Deposition Modeling.
title_sort comparative effects of carbon fiber reinforcement on polypropylene and polylactic acid composites in fused deposition modeling
topic carbon-fiber reinforced plastic
fused deposition modeling
mechanical properties
hydrophilicity
gaussian process regression
url https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_399639_e4590966228512d333578cc9ced00f17.pdf
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AT memadsoliman comparativeeffectsofcarbonfiberreinforcementonpolypropyleneandpolylacticacidcompositesinfuseddepositionmodeling
AT shemyahmed comparativeeffectsofcarbonfiberreinforcementonpolypropyleneandpolylacticacidcompositesinfuseddepositionmodeling