Effect of Liquid Culture Systems (Temporary Immersion Bioreactor and Rotary Shaker) Used During Multiplication and Differentiation on Efficiency of Repetitive Somatic Embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’
Liquid culture systems, including bioreactors, are valuable tools for the scaling up of production. Their involvement leads to the automation of the highly efficient, reproducible somatic embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’. Alternative procedures for efficient embryogenic tis...
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2024-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| author | Małgorzata Malik Ewelina Tomiak Bożena Pawłowska |
| author_facet | Małgorzata Malik Ewelina Tomiak Bożena Pawłowska |
| author_sort | Małgorzata Malik |
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| description | Liquid culture systems, including bioreactors, are valuable tools for the scaling up of production. Their involvement leads to the automation of the highly efficient, reproducible somatic embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’. Alternative procedures for efficient embryogenic tissue and early somatic embryo multiplication have been developed. The long-term embryogenic callus of narcissus ‘Carlton’, obtained by repetitive somatic embryogenesis, was multiplicated and differentiated in different liquid culture systems. For multiplication, the Rita<sup>®</sup> temporary immersion bioreactor and the rotary shaker at 60 rpm and 100 rpm were used, and, for differentiation, the rotary shaker at 60 rpm and solid cultures were investigated. Cultures immersed with a frequency of 15 min every 24 h during multiplication were characterized by the greatest increase in biomass (1.3), and the greatest number of embryos (152.6 embryos per 1 g of inoculum) was seen during differentiation. Higher immersion frequencies (15 min every 8 and 12 h) decreased the tissue quality and yield. The use of a bioreactor during multiplication promoted the number of embryos obtained during differentiation. In turn, cultivation in a rotary shaker during differentiation, regardless of the multiplication system, stimulated the multiplication of embryogenic tissue. The liquid medium used for the multiplication and differentiation of somatic embryos improved the synchronization of their development, which reached up to 95–99% depending on the system. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-10c0ac66835540de8941fcac41a6bc1f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-10c0ac66835540de8941fcac41a6bc1f2025-01-24T13:16:39ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952024-12-011518510.3390/agronomy15010085Effect of Liquid Culture Systems (Temporary Immersion Bioreactor and Rotary Shaker) Used During Multiplication and Differentiation on Efficiency of Repetitive Somatic Embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’Małgorzata Malik0Ewelina Tomiak1Bożena Pawłowska2Department of Ornamental Plants and Garden Art, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 29-Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Ornamental Plants and Garden Art, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 29-Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Ornamental Plants and Garden Art, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 29-Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, PolandLiquid culture systems, including bioreactors, are valuable tools for the scaling up of production. Their involvement leads to the automation of the highly efficient, reproducible somatic embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’. Alternative procedures for efficient embryogenic tissue and early somatic embryo multiplication have been developed. The long-term embryogenic callus of narcissus ‘Carlton’, obtained by repetitive somatic embryogenesis, was multiplicated and differentiated in different liquid culture systems. For multiplication, the Rita<sup>®</sup> temporary immersion bioreactor and the rotary shaker at 60 rpm and 100 rpm were used, and, for differentiation, the rotary shaker at 60 rpm and solid cultures were investigated. Cultures immersed with a frequency of 15 min every 24 h during multiplication were characterized by the greatest increase in biomass (1.3), and the greatest number of embryos (152.6 embryos per 1 g of inoculum) was seen during differentiation. Higher immersion frequencies (15 min every 8 and 12 h) decreased the tissue quality and yield. The use of a bioreactor during multiplication promoted the number of embryos obtained during differentiation. In turn, cultivation in a rotary shaker during differentiation, regardless of the multiplication system, stimulated the multiplication of embryogenic tissue. The liquid medium used for the multiplication and differentiation of somatic embryos improved the synchronization of their development, which reached up to 95–99% depending on the system.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/85daffodilimmersion frequencyin vitroliquid mediumRita<sup>®</sup>temporary immersion system |
| spellingShingle | Małgorzata Malik Ewelina Tomiak Bożena Pawłowska Effect of Liquid Culture Systems (Temporary Immersion Bioreactor and Rotary Shaker) Used During Multiplication and Differentiation on Efficiency of Repetitive Somatic Embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’ Agronomy daffodil immersion frequency in vitro liquid medium Rita<sup>®</sup> temporary immersion system |
| title | Effect of Liquid Culture Systems (Temporary Immersion Bioreactor and Rotary Shaker) Used During Multiplication and Differentiation on Efficiency of Repetitive Somatic Embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’ |
| title_full | Effect of Liquid Culture Systems (Temporary Immersion Bioreactor and Rotary Shaker) Used During Multiplication and Differentiation on Efficiency of Repetitive Somatic Embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’ |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Liquid Culture Systems (Temporary Immersion Bioreactor and Rotary Shaker) Used During Multiplication and Differentiation on Efficiency of Repetitive Somatic Embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’ |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Liquid Culture Systems (Temporary Immersion Bioreactor and Rotary Shaker) Used During Multiplication and Differentiation on Efficiency of Repetitive Somatic Embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’ |
| title_short | Effect of Liquid Culture Systems (Temporary Immersion Bioreactor and Rotary Shaker) Used During Multiplication and Differentiation on Efficiency of Repetitive Somatic Embryogenesis of <i>Narcissus</i> L. ‘Carlton’ |
| title_sort | effect of liquid culture systems temporary immersion bioreactor and rotary shaker used during multiplication and differentiation on efficiency of repetitive somatic embryogenesis of i narcissus i l carlton |
| topic | daffodil immersion frequency in vitro liquid medium Rita<sup>®</sup> temporary immersion system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/85 |
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