Red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a validity and reliability study
Objective The objective of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the red filter meibography by smartphone compared with infrared in assessing meibomian gland drop-out.Methods and analysis An analytical cross-sectional study was done with a total of 35 subjects (68 eyes) with sus...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2024-07-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open Ophthalmology |
| Online Access: | https://bmjophth.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001266.full |
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| author | Rina La Distia Nora Ratna Sitompul Aria Kekalih Gisela Haza Anissa Syska Widyawati Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf |
| author_facet | Rina La Distia Nora Ratna Sitompul Aria Kekalih Gisela Haza Anissa Syska Widyawati Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf |
| author_sort | Rina La Distia Nora |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective The objective of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the red filter meibography by smartphone compared with infrared in assessing meibomian gland drop-out.Methods and analysis An analytical cross-sectional study was done with a total of 35 subjects (68 eyes) with suspected MGD based on symptoms and lid morphological abnormalities. Meibomian glands were photographed using two smartphones (Samsung S9 and iPhone XR) on a slit-lamp with added red filter. Images were assessed subjectively using meiboscore by the two raters and drop-out percentages were assessed by ImageJ.Results There was no agreement in meiboscore and a minimal level of agreement in drop-out percentages between red filter meibography and infrared. Inter-rater reliability showed no agreement between two raters. Intra-rater reliability demonstrated weak agreement in rater 1 and no agreement in rater 2.Conclusion Validity of the red filter meibography technique by smartphones is not yet satisfactory in evaluating drop-out. Further improvement on qualities of images must be done and research on subjective assessment was deemed necessary due to poor results of intrarater and inter-rater reliability. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0bdfef02b54547558c93a79982b2f52a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2397-3269 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-0bdfef02b54547558c93a79982b2f52a2025-02-06T08:45:14ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Ophthalmology2397-32692024-07-019110.1136/bmjophth-2023-001266Red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a validity and reliability studyRina La Distia Nora0Ratna Sitompul1Aria Kekalih2Gisela Haza Anissa3Syska Widyawati4Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf5Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Kirana Eye Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Kirana Eye Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Kirana Eye Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Kirana Eye Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Medical Physiology and Biophysics/ Medical Technology Cluster IMERI, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaObjective The objective of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the red filter meibography by smartphone compared with infrared in assessing meibomian gland drop-out.Methods and analysis An analytical cross-sectional study was done with a total of 35 subjects (68 eyes) with suspected MGD based on symptoms and lid morphological abnormalities. Meibomian glands were photographed using two smartphones (Samsung S9 and iPhone XR) on a slit-lamp with added red filter. Images were assessed subjectively using meiboscore by the two raters and drop-out percentages were assessed by ImageJ.Results There was no agreement in meiboscore and a minimal level of agreement in drop-out percentages between red filter meibography and infrared. Inter-rater reliability showed no agreement between two raters. Intra-rater reliability demonstrated weak agreement in rater 1 and no agreement in rater 2.Conclusion Validity of the red filter meibography technique by smartphones is not yet satisfactory in evaluating drop-out. Further improvement on qualities of images must be done and research on subjective assessment was deemed necessary due to poor results of intrarater and inter-rater reliability.https://bmjophth.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001266.full |
| spellingShingle | Rina La Distia Nora Ratna Sitompul Aria Kekalih Gisela Haza Anissa Syska Widyawati Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf Red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a validity and reliability study BMJ Open Ophthalmology |
| title | Red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a validity and reliability study |
| title_full | Red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a validity and reliability study |
| title_fullStr | Red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a validity and reliability study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a validity and reliability study |
| title_short | Red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a validity and reliability study |
| title_sort | red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction a validity and reliability study |
| url | https://bmjophth.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001266.full |
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