Unraveling the role of HDAC3 as an immunotherapy prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Abstract Background This study investigates HDAC3 as a potential immunotherapy biomarker in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC), focusing on its association with treatment response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods We employed a multi-phase approach in 78 aNSCLC patients with...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Respiratory Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-025-03275-w |
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| Summary: | Abstract Background This study investigates HDAC3 as a potential immunotherapy biomarker in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC), focusing on its association with treatment response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods We employed a multi-phase approach in 78 aNSCLC patients with 138 plasma samples, starting with a discovery phase that identified differential autoantibodies (AAbs) using proteomic analysis in responders and non-responders. In the validation phase, we assessed AAb levels at multiple time points. Additionally, immunohistochemistry and multiple immunofluorescence (n = 21) were used to validate HDAC3 expression in FFPE samples, single-cell RNA sequencing (n = 26) was performed to explore gene expression differences, cell and animal experiments were performed. Results We identified 127 differential AAbs, with five key AAbs (HDAC3, METTL21C, HSPB3, SPACA7, and SPPL2B) consistently linked to prognosis pre- and post-treatment (p < 0.05). A risk score model based on these AAbs effectively predicted progression-free survival. Furthermore, HDAC3 expression correlated with significant pathway enrichments and was associated with higher TGFβ1, PD-L1 infiltration and lower CD8+ T cells infiltration (p < 0.05). HDAC3 knockdown significantly inhibited cell proliferation, impaired colony formation, and induced G0/G1 phase arrest in lung cancer cells. Preclinical models demonstrated that RGFP966, an HDAC3 inhibitor, combined with anti–PD-1 therapy enhanced CD8+ T cell infiltration (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings underscore HDAC3’s role as a biomarker for predicting ICI response in aNSCLC and suggest its potential as a therapeutic target, paving the way for future studies on HDAC3-targeted therapies to improve immunotherapy outcomes. Clinical trial number not applicable. |
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| ISSN: | 1465-993X |