Strength Prediction Model for Cohesive Soil–Rock Mixture with Rock Content
Fault fracture zones, characterized by high weathering, low strength, and a high degree of fragmentation, are common adverse geological phenomena encountered in tunneling projects. This paper performed a series of large-scale triaxial compression tests on the cohesive soil–rock mixture (SRM) samples...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Yang Sun Jianyong Xin Junchao He Junping Yu Haibin Ding Yifan Hu |
| author_facet | Yang Sun Jianyong Xin Junchao He Junping Yu Haibin Ding Yifan Hu |
| author_sort | Yang Sun |
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| description | Fault fracture zones, characterized by high weathering, low strength, and a high degree of fragmentation, are common adverse geological phenomena encountered in tunneling projects. This paper performed a series of large-scale triaxial compression tests on the cohesive soil–rock mixture (SRM) samples with dimensions of 500 mm × 1000 mm to investigate the influence of rock content P<sub>BV</sub> (20, 40, and 60% by volume), rock orientation angle <i>α</i>, and confining pressure on their macro-mechanical properties. Furthermore, a triaxial numerical model, which takes into account P<sub>BV</sub> and α, was constructed by means of PFC<sup>3D</sup> to investigate the evolution of the mechanical properties of the cohesive SRM. The results indicated that (1) the influence of the <i>α</i> is significant at high confining pressures. For the sample with an <i>α</i> of 0°, shear failure was inhibited, and the rock blocks tended to break more easily, while the samples with an <i>α</i> of 30° and 60° exhibited fewer fragmentations. (2) P<sub>BV</sub> significantly affected the shear behaviors of the cohesive SRM. The peak deviatoric stress of the sample with an <i>α</i> of 0° was minimized at lower P<sub>BV</sub> (<20%), while both the deformation modulus and peak deviatoric stress were larger at high P<sub>BV</sub> (>60%). Based on these findings, an equation correlating shear strength and P<sub>BV</sub> was proposed under consistent <i>α</i> and matrix strength conditions. This equation effectively predicts the shear strength of the cohesive SRM with different P<sub>BV</sub> values. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-0687ada3fa2b4e508ded4ac2cec7acd52025-01-24T13:21:02ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-01-0115284310.3390/app15020843Strength Prediction Model for Cohesive Soil–Rock Mixture with Rock ContentYang Sun0Jianyong Xin1Junchao He2Junping Yu3Haibin Ding4Yifan Hu5Jiangxi Transportation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330200, ChinaYichun Highway Development Center Shanggao Sub-Center, Yichun 336499, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Construction, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaJiangxi Transportation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330200, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Construction, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Construction, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, ChinaFault fracture zones, characterized by high weathering, low strength, and a high degree of fragmentation, are common adverse geological phenomena encountered in tunneling projects. This paper performed a series of large-scale triaxial compression tests on the cohesive soil–rock mixture (SRM) samples with dimensions of 500 mm × 1000 mm to investigate the influence of rock content P<sub>BV</sub> (20, 40, and 60% by volume), rock orientation angle <i>α</i>, and confining pressure on their macro-mechanical properties. Furthermore, a triaxial numerical model, which takes into account P<sub>BV</sub> and α, was constructed by means of PFC<sup>3D</sup> to investigate the evolution of the mechanical properties of the cohesive SRM. The results indicated that (1) the influence of the <i>α</i> is significant at high confining pressures. For the sample with an <i>α</i> of 0°, shear failure was inhibited, and the rock blocks tended to break more easily, while the samples with an <i>α</i> of 30° and 60° exhibited fewer fragmentations. (2) P<sub>BV</sub> significantly affected the shear behaviors of the cohesive SRM. The peak deviatoric stress of the sample with an <i>α</i> of 0° was minimized at lower P<sub>BV</sub> (<20%), while both the deformation modulus and peak deviatoric stress were larger at high P<sub>BV</sub> (>60%). Based on these findings, an equation correlating shear strength and P<sub>BV</sub> was proposed under consistent <i>α</i> and matrix strength conditions. This equation effectively predicts the shear strength of the cohesive SRM with different P<sub>BV</sub> values.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/2/843large-scale triaxial compression testsoil–rock mixturePFC<sup>3D</sup>strength predictionrock content |
| spellingShingle | Yang Sun Jianyong Xin Junchao He Junping Yu Haibin Ding Yifan Hu Strength Prediction Model for Cohesive Soil–Rock Mixture with Rock Content Applied Sciences large-scale triaxial compression test soil–rock mixture PFC<sup>3D</sup> strength prediction rock content |
| title | Strength Prediction Model for Cohesive Soil–Rock Mixture with Rock Content |
| title_full | Strength Prediction Model for Cohesive Soil–Rock Mixture with Rock Content |
| title_fullStr | Strength Prediction Model for Cohesive Soil–Rock Mixture with Rock Content |
| title_full_unstemmed | Strength Prediction Model for Cohesive Soil–Rock Mixture with Rock Content |
| title_short | Strength Prediction Model for Cohesive Soil–Rock Mixture with Rock Content |
| title_sort | strength prediction model for cohesive soil rock mixture with rock content |
| topic | large-scale triaxial compression test soil–rock mixture PFC<sup>3D</sup> strength prediction rock content |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/2/843 |
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