Scrub Typhus and Influenza A Co-Infection: A Case Report
Scrub typhus, caused by <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i>, is a neglected and reemerging disease that causes considerable morbidity and mortality. It now extends beyond the Tsutsugamushi Triangle, the region wherein it has traditionally been endemic. Influenza has also resurged since the inf...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/64 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832587757347667968 |
|---|---|
| author | Chie Yamamoto Ayano Maruyama Jun Munakata Tasuku Matsuyama Keitaro Furukawa Ryosuke Hamashima Motohiko Ogawa Yuki Hashimoto Akiko Fukuda Tohru Inaba Yoko Nukui |
| author_facet | Chie Yamamoto Ayano Maruyama Jun Munakata Tasuku Matsuyama Keitaro Furukawa Ryosuke Hamashima Motohiko Ogawa Yuki Hashimoto Akiko Fukuda Tohru Inaba Yoko Nukui |
| author_sort | Chie Yamamoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Scrub typhus, caused by <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i>, is a neglected and reemerging disease that causes considerable morbidity and mortality. It now extends beyond the Tsutsugamushi Triangle, the region wherein it has traditionally been endemic. Influenza has also resurged since the infection control measures against COVID-19 were relaxed. A few cases of scrub typhus and influenza co-infection have been reported. Herein, we report the case of a 74-year-old woman with fever and upper respiratory symptoms diagnosed with influenza A and treated with oseltamivir; however, her fever persisted, and she developed respiratory failure, liver dysfunction, headache, diarrhea, and an erythematous skin rash. She lived in a forested area where scrub typhus was endemic and worked on a farm. Physical examination revealed an eschar on her posterior neck, and she was diagnosed with scrub typhus and influenza A co-infection. After minocycline treatment, her symptoms improved within a few days. This is the first reported case of scrub typhus and influenza A co-infection in Japan. This case illustrates that co-infection should be suspected in patients with fever persisting after their initial infection has been treated and that in patients living in endemic areas, scrub typhus can occur concurrently with influenza. The symptoms of scrub typhus are flu-like and nonspecific, which may delay diagnosis and treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-060f42e4b67c4f9d845a2202390a1a04 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-060f42e4b67c4f9d845a2202390a1a042025-01-24T13:44:46ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-01-011416410.3390/pathogens14010064Scrub Typhus and Influenza A Co-Infection: A Case ReportChie Yamamoto0Ayano Maruyama1Jun Munakata2Tasuku Matsuyama3Keitaro Furukawa4Ryosuke Hamashima5Motohiko Ogawa6Yuki Hashimoto7Akiko Fukuda8Tohru Inaba9Yoko Nukui10Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, JapanDepartment of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, JapanDepartment of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, JapanDepartment of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanScrub typhus, caused by <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i>, is a neglected and reemerging disease that causes considerable morbidity and mortality. It now extends beyond the Tsutsugamushi Triangle, the region wherein it has traditionally been endemic. Influenza has also resurged since the infection control measures against COVID-19 were relaxed. A few cases of scrub typhus and influenza co-infection have been reported. Herein, we report the case of a 74-year-old woman with fever and upper respiratory symptoms diagnosed with influenza A and treated with oseltamivir; however, her fever persisted, and she developed respiratory failure, liver dysfunction, headache, diarrhea, and an erythematous skin rash. She lived in a forested area where scrub typhus was endemic and worked on a farm. Physical examination revealed an eschar on her posterior neck, and she was diagnosed with scrub typhus and influenza A co-infection. After minocycline treatment, her symptoms improved within a few days. This is the first reported case of scrub typhus and influenza A co-infection in Japan. This case illustrates that co-infection should be suspected in patients with fever persisting after their initial infection has been treated and that in patients living in endemic areas, scrub typhus can occur concurrently with influenza. The symptoms of scrub typhus are flu-like and nonspecific, which may delay diagnosis and treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/64co-infectioninfluenza Ascrub typhus |
| spellingShingle | Chie Yamamoto Ayano Maruyama Jun Munakata Tasuku Matsuyama Keitaro Furukawa Ryosuke Hamashima Motohiko Ogawa Yuki Hashimoto Akiko Fukuda Tohru Inaba Yoko Nukui Scrub Typhus and Influenza A Co-Infection: A Case Report Pathogens co-infection influenza A scrub typhus |
| title | Scrub Typhus and Influenza A Co-Infection: A Case Report |
| title_full | Scrub Typhus and Influenza A Co-Infection: A Case Report |
| title_fullStr | Scrub Typhus and Influenza A Co-Infection: A Case Report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scrub Typhus and Influenza A Co-Infection: A Case Report |
| title_short | Scrub Typhus and Influenza A Co-Infection: A Case Report |
| title_sort | scrub typhus and influenza a co infection a case report |
| topic | co-infection influenza A scrub typhus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/64 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chieyamamoto scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT ayanomaruyama scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT junmunakata scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT tasukumatsuyama scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT keitarofurukawa scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT ryosukehamashima scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT motohikoogawa scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT yukihashimoto scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT akikofukuda scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT tohruinaba scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport AT yokonukui scrubtyphusandinfluenzaacoinfectionacasereport |