Modulatory effects of selenium nanoparticles on gut microbiota and metabolites of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microbiome-metabolomic analysis
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are considered safe selenium supplements. At appropriate concentrations, SeNPs can promote growth, boost immunity, and modulate intestinal microbiota in aquatic animals. However, their effects on the metabolome of aquatic species have not yet been identified. This stud...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513425000134 |
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| author | Jing Ni Lirong Ren Ying Liang Ying Ma Hejian Xiong |
| author_facet | Jing Ni Lirong Ren Ying Liang Ying Ma Hejian Xiong |
| author_sort | Jing Ni |
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| description | Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are considered safe selenium supplements. At appropriate concentrations, SeNPs can promote growth, boost immunity, and modulate intestinal microbiota in aquatic animals. However, their effects on the metabolome of aquatic species have not yet been identified. This study evaluated the in vitro effects of our previous synthesized SeNPs, coated with abalone visceral polysaccharide-protein complexes (PSP-SeNPs), on the proliferation of probiotics and common aquatic pathogens, and the in vivo effects on the gut microbiome and metabolome of tilapia. PSP-SeNPs selectively promoted the growth of probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactococcus lactis, while inhibiting the growth of pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Aeromonas hydrophila. In the fish breeding experiment, 360 healthy juvenile tilapias (initial weight 1.5 ± 0.5 g/fish) were divided into four groups (3 replicates/group, 30 fish/replicate): group C was fed with basal diet, groups Y, M and H, were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg of Na2SeO3, 0.3 mg/kg of PSP-SeNPs, and 4.5 mg/kg of PSP-SeNPs, respectively. All fish were tested after 7 weeks of breeding in a recirculating aquaculture system. Results showed that group M significantly increased intestinal microbial diversity and potential probiotics (e.g., Cetobacterium, Fimbriiglobus, and Gemmata), while significantly decreased potential pathogens (Plesiomonas, Citrobacter freundii, and Aeromonas hydrophila). Groups H and Y significantly reduced Citrobacter freundii, but both groups decreased gut microbial diversity to varying degrees. Additionally, the pathogenic bacterial genus Plesiomonas significantly increased in group Y. In group M, the growth-promoting intestinal metabolite alpha-tocotrienol was significantly upregulated, whereas some essential amino acids were significantly downregulated in groups Y and H. In summary, 0.3 mg/kg SeNPs supplementation can regulate the intestinal microbiota, while 4.5 mg/kg SeNPs and 0.3 mg/kg Na2SeO3 can cause amino acid metabolism disorders. SeNPs showed higher safety than Na2SeO3. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-04b159cdced5487fa68a106d9e9a24f7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2352-5134 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Aquaculture Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-04b159cdced5487fa68a106d9e9a24f72025-02-06T05:12:21ZengElsevierAquaculture Reports2352-51342025-03-0140102627Modulatory effects of selenium nanoparticles on gut microbiota and metabolites of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microbiome-metabolomic analysisJing Ni0Lirong Ren1Ying Liang2Ying Ma3Hejian Xiong4Fisheries College of Jimei University, State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen 361021, ChinaFisheries College of Jimei University, State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen 361021, ChinaFisheries College of Jimei University, State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen 361021, ChinaFisheries College of Jimei University, State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen 361021, China; Corresponding authors.College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Corresponding authors.Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are considered safe selenium supplements. At appropriate concentrations, SeNPs can promote growth, boost immunity, and modulate intestinal microbiota in aquatic animals. However, their effects on the metabolome of aquatic species have not yet been identified. This study evaluated the in vitro effects of our previous synthesized SeNPs, coated with abalone visceral polysaccharide-protein complexes (PSP-SeNPs), on the proliferation of probiotics and common aquatic pathogens, and the in vivo effects on the gut microbiome and metabolome of tilapia. PSP-SeNPs selectively promoted the growth of probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactococcus lactis, while inhibiting the growth of pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Aeromonas hydrophila. In the fish breeding experiment, 360 healthy juvenile tilapias (initial weight 1.5 ± 0.5 g/fish) were divided into four groups (3 replicates/group, 30 fish/replicate): group C was fed with basal diet, groups Y, M and H, were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg of Na2SeO3, 0.3 mg/kg of PSP-SeNPs, and 4.5 mg/kg of PSP-SeNPs, respectively. All fish were tested after 7 weeks of breeding in a recirculating aquaculture system. Results showed that group M significantly increased intestinal microbial diversity and potential probiotics (e.g., Cetobacterium, Fimbriiglobus, and Gemmata), while significantly decreased potential pathogens (Plesiomonas, Citrobacter freundii, and Aeromonas hydrophila). Groups H and Y significantly reduced Citrobacter freundii, but both groups decreased gut microbial diversity to varying degrees. Additionally, the pathogenic bacterial genus Plesiomonas significantly increased in group Y. In group M, the growth-promoting intestinal metabolite alpha-tocotrienol was significantly upregulated, whereas some essential amino acids were significantly downregulated in groups Y and H. In summary, 0.3 mg/kg SeNPs supplementation can regulate the intestinal microbiota, while 4.5 mg/kg SeNPs and 0.3 mg/kg Na2SeO3 can cause amino acid metabolism disorders. SeNPs showed higher safety than Na2SeO3.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513425000134Selenium nanoparticlesNile tilapiaAntibacterial activityGut microbiotaMetabolome analysis |
| spellingShingle | Jing Ni Lirong Ren Ying Liang Ying Ma Hejian Xiong Modulatory effects of selenium nanoparticles on gut microbiota and metabolites of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microbiome-metabolomic analysis Aquaculture Reports Selenium nanoparticles Nile tilapia Antibacterial activity Gut microbiota Metabolome analysis |
| title | Modulatory effects of selenium nanoparticles on gut microbiota and metabolites of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microbiome-metabolomic analysis |
| title_full | Modulatory effects of selenium nanoparticles on gut microbiota and metabolites of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microbiome-metabolomic analysis |
| title_fullStr | Modulatory effects of selenium nanoparticles on gut microbiota and metabolites of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microbiome-metabolomic analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modulatory effects of selenium nanoparticles on gut microbiota and metabolites of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microbiome-metabolomic analysis |
| title_short | Modulatory effects of selenium nanoparticles on gut microbiota and metabolites of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microbiome-metabolomic analysis |
| title_sort | modulatory effects of selenium nanoparticles on gut microbiota and metabolites of juvenile nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus by microbiome metabolomic analysis |
| topic | Selenium nanoparticles Nile tilapia Antibacterial activity Gut microbiota Metabolome analysis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513425000134 |
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