A generic self-learning emotional framework for machines
Abstract In nature, intelligent living beings have developed emotions to modulate their behavior as a fundamental evolutionary advantage. However, researchers seeking to endow machines with this advantage lack a clear theory from cognitive neuroscience describing emotional elicitation from first pri...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72817-x |
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| author | Alberto Hernández-Marcos Eduardo Ros |
| author_facet | Alberto Hernández-Marcos Eduardo Ros |
| author_sort | Alberto Hernández-Marcos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In nature, intelligent living beings have developed emotions to modulate their behavior as a fundamental evolutionary advantage. However, researchers seeking to endow machines with this advantage lack a clear theory from cognitive neuroscience describing emotional elicitation from first principles, namely, from raw observations to specific affects. As a result, they often rely on case-specific solutions and arbitrary or hard-coded models that fail to generalize well to other agents and tasks. Here we propose that emotions correspond to distinct temporal patterns perceived in crucial values for living beings in their environment (like recent rewards, expected future rewards or anticipated world states) and introduce a fully self-learning emotional framework for Artificial Intelligence agents convincingly associating them with documented natural emotions. Applied in a case study, an artificial neural network trained on unlabeled agent’s experiences successfully learned and identified eight basic emotional patterns that are situationally coherent and reproduce natural emotional dynamics. Validation through an emotional attribution survey, where human observers rated their pleasure-arousal-dominance dimensions, showed high statistical agreement, distinguishability, and strong alignment with experimental psychology accounts. We believe that the framework’s generality and cross-disciplinary language defined, grounded on first principles from Reinforcement Learning, may lay the foundations for further research and applications, leading us toward emotional machines that think and act more like us. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-01b71de0c9e142fc8087ecb90b7cbc9e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-01b71de0c9e142fc8087ecb90b7cbc9e2025-01-19T12:24:41ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-10-0114111710.1038/s41598-024-72817-xA generic self-learning emotional framework for machinesAlberto Hernández-Marcos0Eduardo Ros1Research Centre for Information and Communications Technologies (CITIC-UGR) - Department of Computer Engineering, Automation, and Robotics (ICAR), University of GranadaResearch Centre for Information and Communications Technologies (CITIC-UGR) - Department of Computer Engineering, Automation, and Robotics (ICAR), University of GranadaAbstract In nature, intelligent living beings have developed emotions to modulate their behavior as a fundamental evolutionary advantage. However, researchers seeking to endow machines with this advantage lack a clear theory from cognitive neuroscience describing emotional elicitation from first principles, namely, from raw observations to specific affects. As a result, they often rely on case-specific solutions and arbitrary or hard-coded models that fail to generalize well to other agents and tasks. Here we propose that emotions correspond to distinct temporal patterns perceived in crucial values for living beings in their environment (like recent rewards, expected future rewards or anticipated world states) and introduce a fully self-learning emotional framework for Artificial Intelligence agents convincingly associating them with documented natural emotions. Applied in a case study, an artificial neural network trained on unlabeled agent’s experiences successfully learned and identified eight basic emotional patterns that are situationally coherent and reproduce natural emotional dynamics. Validation through an emotional attribution survey, where human observers rated their pleasure-arousal-dominance dimensions, showed high statistical agreement, distinguishability, and strong alignment with experimental psychology accounts. We believe that the framework’s generality and cross-disciplinary language defined, grounded on first principles from Reinforcement Learning, may lay the foundations for further research and applications, leading us toward emotional machines that think and act more like us.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72817-xEmotionsEmotional modelReinforcement learningEmotional framework |
| spellingShingle | Alberto Hernández-Marcos Eduardo Ros A generic self-learning emotional framework for machines Scientific Reports Emotions Emotional model Reinforcement learning Emotional framework |
| title | A generic self-learning emotional framework for machines |
| title_full | A generic self-learning emotional framework for machines |
| title_fullStr | A generic self-learning emotional framework for machines |
| title_full_unstemmed | A generic self-learning emotional framework for machines |
| title_short | A generic self-learning emotional framework for machines |
| title_sort | generic self learning emotional framework for machines |
| topic | Emotions Emotional model Reinforcement learning Emotional framework |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72817-x |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT albertohernandezmarcos agenericselflearningemotionalframeworkformachines AT eduardoros agenericselflearningemotionalframeworkformachines AT albertohernandezmarcos genericselflearningemotionalframeworkformachines AT eduardoros genericselflearningemotionalframeworkformachines |