Longitudinal assessment of migraine burden in resistant and refractory migraine – Data from the prospective REFINE study

Longitudinal assessment of migraine burden in resistant and refractory migraine – Data from the prospective REFINE study

Abstract Background Some individuals with migraine fail to respond adequately to preventive treatments, bearing most of migraine burden. The European Headache Federation (EHF) classifies these individuals into resistant migraine (ResM) or refractory migraine (RefM) according to treatment failures, d...

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Main Authors: Umberto Pensato, Raffaele Ornello, Chiara Rosignoli, Valeria Caponnetto, Agnese Onofri, Mark Braschinsky, Olga Sved, Raquel Gil-Gouveia, Renato Oliveira, Christian Lampl, Jakob Paungarttner, Paolo Martelletti, William David Wells-Gatnik, Isabel Pavao Martins, Dimos D. Mitsikostas, Loukia Apostolakopoulou, Aynur Ozge, Dilan Bayar Narin, Patricia Pozo-Rosich, Albert Munoz-Vendrell, Maria Pia Prudenzano, Martino Gentile, Kristina Ryliskiene, Jurgita Vainauskiene, Margarita Sanchez-del-Rio, Fabrizio Vernieri, Gianmarco Iaccarino, Marta Waliszewska-Prosół, Sławomir Budrewicz, Marta Carnovali, Zaza Katsarava, Simona Sacco
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:The Journal of Headache and Pain
Subjects:
Headache
Chronic migraine
Intractable
Anti-CGRP
Monoclonal antibodies
Gepants
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-025-02126-9
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-025-02126-9

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