Features of anthrax natural foci and Bacillus anthracis ecology
Anthrax remains a global problem, both for veterinary and human medicine, due to the wide spread of its soil foci throughout the world. The ability to sporulate is the main feature of Bacillus anthracis, which allows the pathogen to persist in the environment for a long time. Understanding the ecolo...
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Da Vinci Media
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Ветеринария сегодня |
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| Online Access: | https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/565 |
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| author | A. P. Rodionov E. A. Artemeva L. A. Melnikova M. A. Kosarev S. V. Ivanova |
| author_facet | A. P. Rodionov E. A. Artemeva L. A. Melnikova M. A. Kosarev S. V. Ivanova |
| author_sort | A. P. Rodionov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anthrax remains a global problem, both for veterinary and human medicine, due to the wide spread of its soil foci throughout the world. The ability to sporulate is the main feature of Bacillus anthracis, which allows the pathogen to persist in the environment for a long time. Understanding the ecology of B. anthracis is essential for successful control of this infection. This review analyzes the data from the global literature, reflecting the modern understanding of the vital functions of the anthrax agent in various ecological niches. As a result of the work, it was revealed that many links in the chain of B. anthracis lifecycle in the abiotic environment remain poorly understood. A more in-depth study is required for issues related to the mechanisms, ways of living and evolution of the anthrax causative agent outside the animal body. A separate section of the review describes the problems of anthrax foci in soil. It is shown that today there are no effective and environmentally friendly methods and means of their elimination. In addition, the question of the expediency of their use remains open. According to some researchers, the increasingly emerging initiatives for the elimination or conservation of anthrax burial sites are not only useless, but also harmful, since they exclude the possibility of further predicting the risks associated with soil foci that surround livestock burial sites and cannot be decontaminated. The study and new approaches to solution of the highlighted issues will make a significant contribution to solving the global problem of protecting animals and people from this infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-00e7df60cf1d4329b6db7730f4ac67d4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-196X 2658-6959 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Da Vinci Media |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ветеринария сегодня |
| spelling | doaj-art-00e7df60cf1d4329b6db7730f4ac67d42025-02-06T09:52:08ZengDa Vinci MediaВетеринария сегодня2304-196X2658-69592021-07-010215115810.29326/2304-196X-2021-2-37-151-158512Features of anthrax natural foci and Bacillus anthracis ecologyA. P. Rodionov0E. A. Artemeva1L. A. Melnikova2M. A. Kosarev3S. V. Ivanova4Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety” (FSBSI “FCTRBS-ARRVI”)Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety” (FSBSI “FCTRBS-ARRVI”)Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety” (FSBSI “FCTRBS-ARRVI”)Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety” (FSBSI “FCTRBS-ARRVI”)Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety” (FSBSI “FCTRBS-ARRVI”)Anthrax remains a global problem, both for veterinary and human medicine, due to the wide spread of its soil foci throughout the world. The ability to sporulate is the main feature of Bacillus anthracis, which allows the pathogen to persist in the environment for a long time. Understanding the ecology of B. anthracis is essential for successful control of this infection. This review analyzes the data from the global literature, reflecting the modern understanding of the vital functions of the anthrax agent in various ecological niches. As a result of the work, it was revealed that many links in the chain of B. anthracis lifecycle in the abiotic environment remain poorly understood. A more in-depth study is required for issues related to the mechanisms, ways of living and evolution of the anthrax causative agent outside the animal body. A separate section of the review describes the problems of anthrax foci in soil. It is shown that today there are no effective and environmentally friendly methods and means of their elimination. In addition, the question of the expediency of their use remains open. According to some researchers, the increasingly emerging initiatives for the elimination or conservation of anthrax burial sites are not only useless, but also harmful, since they exclude the possibility of further predicting the risks associated with soil foci that surround livestock burial sites and cannot be decontaminated. The study and new approaches to solution of the highlighted issues will make a significant contribution to solving the global problem of protecting animals and people from this infection.https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/565anthraxecologybacillus anthracissoil focinatural focalitycattle burial sitepermanently infected settlement |
| spellingShingle | A. P. Rodionov E. A. Artemeva L. A. Melnikova M. A. Kosarev S. V. Ivanova Features of anthrax natural foci and Bacillus anthracis ecology Ветеринария сегодня anthrax ecology bacillus anthracis soil foci natural focality cattle burial site permanently infected settlement |
| title | Features of anthrax natural foci and Bacillus anthracis ecology |
| title_full | Features of anthrax natural foci and Bacillus anthracis ecology |
| title_fullStr | Features of anthrax natural foci and Bacillus anthracis ecology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Features of anthrax natural foci and Bacillus anthracis ecology |
| title_short | Features of anthrax natural foci and Bacillus anthracis ecology |
| title_sort | features of anthrax natural foci and bacillus anthracis ecology |
| topic | anthrax ecology bacillus anthracis soil foci natural focality cattle burial site permanently infected settlement |
| url | https://veterinary.arriah.ru/jour/article/view/565 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aprodionov featuresofanthraxnaturalfociandbacillusanthracisecology AT eaartemeva featuresofanthraxnaturalfociandbacillusanthracisecology AT lamelnikova featuresofanthraxnaturalfociandbacillusanthracisecology AT makosarev featuresofanthraxnaturalfociandbacillusanthracisecology AT svivanova featuresofanthraxnaturalfociandbacillusanthracisecology |