A comparative analysis in monitoring 24-hour urinary copper in wilson disease: sampling on or off treatment? by Isabelle Mohr, Patrick Lamade, Christophe Weber, Viola Leidner, Sebastian Köhrer, Alexander Olkus, Matthias Lang, Andrea Langel, Patrischia Dankert, Melanie Greibich, Silke Wolf, Holger Zimmer, Patrick Michl, Aurélia Poujois, Karl Heinz Weiss, Uta Merle

“…The levels of the biochemical markers liver and copper metabolism remained stable over the 12-month observation period for all patients. 24 h-UCE off-therapy significantly decreased from T0 to T2 (p = 0.03), whereas no statistically significant differences were detected for 24 h-UCE after therapy. …”
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Cluster randomised controlled trial to examine medical mask use as source control for people with respiratory illness by Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Chandini Raina MacIntyre, Yi Zhang, Quanyi Wang, Bayzidur Rahman, Haiyan Zhang, Holly Seale, Daitao Zhang, Yanhui Chu

“…Since 43 index cases in the control arm also used a mask during the study period, an as-treated post hoc analysis was performed by comparing outcomes among household members of index cases who used a mask (mask group) with household members of index cases who did not use a mask (no-mask group).Main outcome measure Primary outcomes measured in household members were clinical respiratory illness, ILI and laboratory-confirmed viral respiratory infection.Results In an intention-to-treat analysis, rates of clinical respiratory illness (relative risk (RR) 0.61, 95% CI 0.18 to 2.13), ILI (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.03 to 3.13) and laboratory-confirmed viral infections (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.06 to 15.54) were consistently lower in the mask arm compared with control, although not statistically significant. A post hoc comparison between the mask versus no-mask groups showed a protective effect against clinical respiratory illness, but not against ILI and laboratory-confirmed viral respiratory infections.Conclusions The study indicates a potential benefit of medical masks for source control, but is limited by small sample size and low secondary attack rates. …”
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Community-Based Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards COVID-19: an Epidemiological Survey in Kurdistan Region, Iraq by Zhino Rawf Ali, Bayan Omar Sharif, Aram Salih Mohammed Amin Kamali, Varin Tofiq Abbas, Azad Karim Ahmed, Shaho Osman Mahmood, Chiman Jamal ahmed, Sarwat Ahmed Abdulqader

“…0.05 was considered statistically significant. The findings of the current study concluded that the main way for obtaining knowledge of the participants was social media and it was much more than ministry of health, WHO and CDC together. …”
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Comparative cytogenetics of anembryonic pregnancies and missed abortions in human by T. V. Nikitina, E. A. Sazhenova, E. N. Tolmacheva, N. N. Sukhanova, S. A. Vasilyev, I. N. Lebedev

“…A comparative analysis of the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities and the distribution of karyotype frequencies depending on the presence of an embryo in the gestational sac was carried out. Statistical analysis was performed using a chi-square test with a p < 0.05 significance level. …”
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Pectus Carinatum Repair Using the Sandwiched Bars and Screw Fixation System: A Retrospective Cohort Study of a Single Center Experience by Tran Thanh Vy, Ho Tat Bang, Ha Quoc Hung, Lam Thao Cuong, Nguyen Hoang Binh

“…The effectiveness of the procedure was evaluated based on changes in the HI. Statistical analyses were performed using paired t‐tests to compare preoperative and postoperative HI values, and multivariate linear regression was used to identify factors associated with postoperative outcomes. …”
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WATER versus WATER II 5‐year update: Comparing Aquablation therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia in 30–80‐cm3 and 80–150‐cm3 prostates by Mohamad Baker Berjaoui, David‐Dan Nguyen, Saud Almousa, Karim Daher, Neil Barber, Mo Bidair, Peter Gilling, Paul Anderson, Kevin C. Zorn, Gopal Badlani, Mitch Humphreys, Steven Kaplan, Ronald P. Kaufman Jr, Dean Elterman, Mihir Desai, Claus Roehrborn, Naeem Bhojani

“…Baseline parameters and 60‐month outcomes were scrutinized using statistical analyses, including Students' t test, Wilcoxon tests for continuous variables, and Fisher's test for binary variables. …”
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Sagittal Inclination Angle of the Graft Affects Graft Maturity and Knee Stability After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction by Ming Li, Fangang Meng, Dianbo Long, Dorje Wencheng, Yanlin Zhong, Yan Kang, Peihui Wu, Aishan He

“…Correlations between the SIA and medial and lateral ATT were statistically significant. A larger SIA resulted in a decreased probability of medial and lateral ATT ≥ 5 mm. …”
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Interrelation between hypoxic liver injury and Killip classification in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients by Seong Huan Choi, Ji-Hun Jang, Dae-Young Kim, Young Ju Suh, Yong-Soo Baek, Sung-Hee Shin, Seong-Ill Woo, Dae-Hyeok Kim, Jeonggeun Moon, Jon Suh, WoongChol Kang, Sang-Don Park, Sung Woo Kwon

“…In-hospital mortality was directly related to Killip classification (2.3%, 7.3%, 16.3%, 29.2%) with statistical significance. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the presence of HLI and combined Killip classification III and IV were poor prognostic factors, even after adjusting for conventional clinical risk factors. …”
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Effects of chronic exposure of specific water quality parameters in poultry drinking water on dietary amino acid digestibility and early broiler performance by Rabin Raut, Biswajit Kumar Biswas, Thyneice Taylor-Bowden, Agnes Kilonzo-Nthenge, Bharat Pokharel, Tom Tabler, Samuel N. Nahashon, Pramir Maharjan

“…Water consumption, body weight gain (BWG), feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR), water: feed, and amino acid digestibility were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using 1-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD test for significance (P < 0.05). …”
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A multigene phylogeny toward a new phylogenetic classification of Leotiomycetes by Peter R. Johnston, Luis Quijada, Christopher A. Smith, Hans-Otto Baral, Tsuyoshi Hosoya, Christiane Baschien, Kadri Pärtel, Wen-Ying Zhuang, Danny Haelewaters, Duckchul Park, Steffen Carl, Francesc López-Giráldez, Zheng Wang, Jeffrey P. Townsend

“…Included in the dataset are genes that were extracted from 72 of the genomes available for the class, including 10 new genomes released with this study. To test the statistical support for the deepest branches in the phylogeny, an additional phylogeny based on 3156 genes from 51 selected genomes is also presented. …”
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Microbial Colonization and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Chronic Wounds: A Comparative Study of Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Venous Ulcers by Florica Sandru, Elena Poenaru, Smaranda Stoleru, Andreea-Maria Radu, Alexandra-Maria Roman, Corina Ionescu, Aurelian Zugravu, Jafal Mugurel Nader, Livia-Cristiana Băicoianu-Nițescu

“…Resistance patterns were analyzed using statistical methods to identify significant differences. …”
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Effects of trimester-specific urinary aluminum concentrations on ultrasound measures of fetal growth and size at birth: A longitudinal cohort study in Chinese women by Haiying Chen, Wenjing Yan, Xueyan Wu, Yuanyuan Li

“…Results: Trimester-specific Al exposure throughout pregnancy was found to have a negative impact on fetal growth and birth parameters. Besides, statistically significant interactions were detected between biparietal diameter (BPD) (Pinteraction = 0.007), head circumference (Pinteraction = 0.026) at 16 weeks’ gestation in the first trimester, BPD (Pinteraction = 0.015) at 24 weeks’ gestation in the second trimester, BPD (Pinteraction = 0.014) at 31 weeks’ gestation in the second trimester and BPD (Pinteraction = 0.035) at 37 weeks’ gestation in the third trimester and fetal sex, and the strength of the association between the level of Al exposure and BPD was significantly stronger in female fetuses than in male fetuses. …”
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Evaluation of in-office tooth whitening treatment with violet LED: protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial by Lara Jansiski Motta, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana, Sandra Kalil Bussadori, Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro Rodrigues, Ana Eliza Castanho Garrini dos Santos, Marcelo Mendes Pinto, Dácio Antonio Pantano Junior, Aldo Brugnera Jr, Fátima Antonia Aparecida Zanin

“…A p&lt;0.05 will be considered indicative of statistical significance. After determining the normality of the data, the Kruskal-Wallis test will be used for non-parametric data. …”
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Relationship between Tai Chi and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with COVID-19: a protocol for systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis by Yang Wang, Na Li, Xiao Peng, Chun Wang, Sheng He, Jinfeng Yang, Yuanpeng Liao

“…The heterogeneity and variability will be analysed by I2 and τ2 statistics. Risk of bias, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis will also be performed. …”
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Compulsive Buying Disorder among Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing Undergraduate Students from Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study by A Hari Narayanan, Vedapriya Dande Rajasekar, Raja Danasekaran, BN Surya, P Manoj, S Madhush Kumar, Rehana Syed, R Harishma

“…Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. …”
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Prevalence of and factors associated with symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome among resident physicians in standardised training in China: a cross-sect... by Xin Wang, Ning Li, Xia Li, Zhigang Li, Jun Zhao, Xuefei Wang, Xin Hao, Jiayi Yang, Junjian Tian

“…Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to assess the associations of age, sex, body mass index, stress, depression, anxiety, sleep quality and IBS.Results Of the included resident doctors, 77.2% were female, 20.4% were obese or underweight and 8.6% had symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of IBS. There were no statistically significant differences in lifestyle factors (night shift work, overtime work or working efficiency during the COVID-19 pandemic) between patients with IBS and participants without IBS (hereafter, non-IBS participants) (p=0.429, p=0.572 or p=0.464, respectively). …”
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Assessment of Exercise-Induced Dehydration Status Based on Oral Mucosal Moisture in a Field Survey by Gen Tanabe, Tetsuya Hasunuma, Yasuo Takeuchi, Hiroshi Churei, Kairi Hayashi, Kaito Togawa, Naoki Moriya, Toshiaki Ueno

“…The relationship between physical dehydration and oral mucosal moisture content was investigated using statistical analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to ascertain whether variations in oral mucosal moisture content could discern body mass losses (BMLs) of 1.5% and 2%. …”
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Cardiovascular Protection of Nephropathic Male Patients by Oral Food Supplements by Annalisa Noce, Giulia Marrone, Manuela Di Lauro, Silvia Urciuoli, Anna Pietroboni Zaitseva, Georgia Wilson Jones, Nicola Di Daniele, Annalisa Romani

“…At the end of the study, the nephropathic patient group showed a statistically significant reduction in the following laboratory parameters: total cholesterol (TC) (p=0.044), atherogenic index TC/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.010), inflammatory parameters (C-reactive protein, p=0.048, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, p=0.019), systolic (p=0.044), and diastolic arterial blood pressure (p=0.003). …”
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Urinary Tract Infections in the First 6 Months after Renal Transplantation by Ziad Arabi, Khalefa Al Thiab, Abdulrahman Altheaby, Ghaleb Aboalsamh, Samy Kashkoush, Mohamad Almarastani, Mohammed F. Shaheen, Abdulrahman Altamimi, Wael O’hali, Khalid Bin Saad, Lina Alnajjar, Rawan Alhussein, Raghad Almuhiteb, Bashayr Alqahtani, Rayana Alotaibi, Marah Alqahtani, Mohammed Tawhari

“…Age >40, female gender, history of neurogenic bladder, and transplantation abroad were statistically significant factors associated with UTIs and recurrence. …”
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The Impact of Effective Vaccination on Clinical and Radiological Involvement in COVID-19 Patients by Coskun DOGAN, Deniz BILICI, Burcu ARPINAR YIGITBAS, Omer ZENGIN, Orhan ZOR, Oguzhan AKMAN, Ilyas KOCABAG, Gonul Seven YALCIN, Esra ERTAN YAZAR

“…The number of patients who received high-dose glucocorticoid therapy in the unvaccinated group was higher (28 cases vs. 11 cases; p&lt;0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of transfer of patients to the intensive care unit (p&gt;0.05). 11.3% (13/115) of the patients in the vaccinated group died, whereas 14% (14/100) died in the unvaccinated group. …”
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