Early detection of Alzheimer’s disease progression stages using hybrid of CNN and transformer encoder models by Hassan Almalki, Alaa O. Khadidos, Nawaf Alhebaishi, Ebrahim Mohammed Senan

“…They were fed to the transformer encoder, which consisted of six blocks and multiple vertices to focus on different patterns or regions simultaneously. Finally, the MLP classification layers classify each image into one of four dataset classes. …”
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Assessment of radioactive substance transfer and its ecological and health impacts on the Nasser Lake ecosystem by Khaled Ali, Abd El-Basset Abbady, Ahmed Abu-Taleb, Shaban Harb

“…Gamma spectroscopy using sodium iodide activated with thallium [NaI(Tl)] detectors and AlphaGUARD radon monitoring systems was employed to measure radionuclide activity concentrations. Spatial distribution patterns were analyzed using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques to identify zones of elevated radioactivity. …”
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Mapping heat-related risks in Swiss cities under different urban tree scenarios by Myke Koopmans, Jonas Schwaab, Ana M. Vicedo-Cabrera, Edouard L. Davin

“…This underscores the positive role of urban trees in mitigating the urban heat effect.The risk mapping approach revealed a distinct spatial pattern for each city and high risk areas were identified.Generally, the high-risk areas in the analyzed cities cover the city centers and areas with high vulnerability.The ‘NoTree’ scenario showed higher risks compared to the baseline situation, illustrating that urban trees currently mitigate heat related risks in Swiss cities. …”
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Identifying sources of dissolved organic matter in sediments of a shallow lake by fluorescence and ultraviolet spectral characteristics of water and alkali extractable organic matt... by Jun Cao, Tianyu Chen, Jipeng Sun, Jun Zhong, Biao Mu, Xin Wang, Chunyan Wang, Massimiliano Materazzi, Hualun Zhu

“…The horizontal distribution of the four spectrographic indices of AEOM exhibited partial similarity to the distribution pattern of WEOM. Although the WEOC content marginally trailed AEOC, there was a significant correlation between WEOM and AEOM in three indices including slope ratio (SR), HIX and FI. …”
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Mariculture site selection based on water quality, cultivation and ecological condition by T.K. Arifin, Y. Yulius, M. Ramdhan, O. Johan, D.P. Gunawan, A. Heriati, E. Mustikasari, R. Rahmania, D. Purbani, I. Dillenia, S.B. Agus, R. Asaf, M. Hatta, I. Marzuki, R. Akhwady, A. Sufyan, H. Fihrin, E. Septiningsih, A. Wahyono, A. Athirah

“…In this context, the ecosystem approach to mariculture is analyzed with an emphasis on evaluating water quality conditions and determining primary productivity values.METHODS: Water quality parameter data was analyzed using principal component analysis, values, and distribution of primary productivity using the kriging interpolation method using geographic information system. Spatial analysis employing Geographic Information System applications is used to evaluate the appropriateness of locations for mariculture.FINDINGS: The distribution pattern of primary productivity is strongly influenced by the distribution of phytoplankton and the highest concentration values are located in coastal waters and small islands. …”
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Study on fracture and stress variation characteristics of overlying rock with weakly consolidated gravel layer by Chuang ZHANG, Pan DU, Jianchong CHEN, Xinyu YAO, Bo WANG, Yumo YANG, Zhanling LI, Yaorong MA, Zhenkun CHANG, Liangke XU

“…The strain response in the gravel layer follows a distinct “slow increase - rapid increase - sharp decrease-stabilization” pattern, with failure progressing of “stratified fracture, rotation, and compression into hinged rock blocks”. …”
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Generation and characterization of a tamoxifen-inducible lineage tracing tool Cd2-P2A-CreERT2 knock-in mice by Yang Guo, Mengyan Zhu, Zhilan Yu, Qing Li, Yanjuan Chen, Lei Ci, Ruilin Sun, Ruling Shen

“…By mating the Cd2-CreERT2 strain with a Rosa26-LSL-tdTomato reporter mouse strain which contains a tdTomato expression fragment blocked with a loxP-flanked STOP cassette (LSL) driven by a CAG promoter, a Cd2-CreERT2;Rosa26-LSL-tdTomato reporter strain was obtained to evaluate the expression pattern of CD2 in different cell types.ResultsAfter treatment with tamoxifen, the Cd2-CreERT2 knock-in mice were induced to perform efficient recombination at the loxP site following CreERT2 activation and cause the expression of tdTomato fluorescence. …”
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DEFORMATION WAVES AS A TRIGGER MECHANISM OF SEISMIC ACTIVITY IN SEISMIC ZONES OF THE CONTINENTAL LITHOSPHERE by S. I. Sherman

“…By integration of vectors of migration of epicentres at active faults, it is possible to demonstrate a pattern of vectors of movements of the deformation waves in the seismic zones of the continental lithosphere (Fig. 18).Regional and trans-regional deformation waves are analyzed. …”
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Research and Optimization of White Blood Cell Classification Methods Based on Deep Learning and Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy by Mingjing Li, Junshuai Wang, Shu Fang, Le Yang, Xinyang Liu, Haijiao Yun, Xiaoli Wang, Qingyu Du, Ziqing Han

“…The proposed method introduces four key innovations to enhance detection accuracy and model efficiency: (1) A novel Conv2Former (Convolutional Transformer) backbone was designed to combine the local pattern extraction capability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with the global contextual reasoning of transformers, thereby improving the expressiveness of feature representation. (2) The CARAFE (Content-Aware ReAssembly of Features) upsampling operator was adopted to replace conventional interpolation methods, thereby enhancing the spatial resolution and semantic richness of feature maps. (3) An Efficient Multi-scale Attention (EMA) module was introduced to refine multi-scale feature fusion, enabling the model to better focus on spatially relevant features critical for WBC classification. (4) Soft-NMS (Soft Non-Maximum Suppression) was used instead of traditional NMS to better preserve true positives in densely packed or overlapping cell scenarios, thereby reducing false positives and false negatives. …”
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Micro-scale genetic structure and genetic variation of Neotricula aperta (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae), the intermediate host of Schistosoma mekongi (Digenea: Schistosomatidae) in Ch... by Naruemon Bunchom, Weerachai Saijuntha, Chairat Tantrawatpan, Wanchai Maleewong, Joseph Valencia, Takeshi Agatsuma, Virasack Bounavong, Philippe Buchy, Moritoshi Iwagami

“…Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) confirmed significant genetic differentiation (P-value < 0.05) among populations at different spatial scales, including villages, catchments, and countries. …”
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Study on wind erosion resistance of gravel curtain layer in desert mining areas of the Eastern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang by Jingwen LI, Weiming GUAN, Zhenqi HU, Meng XIE, Gensheng LI, Jie TAN, Yu ZHENG, Jiayi SUN

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The Characteristics of Water Vapor Transport Based on Lagrangian Method in the Zoige， Qinghai-Xizang Plateau by Yu LIU, Rong LIU, Xin WANG, Zuoliang WANG

“…The drought index has always been a practical standard for assessing a specific region's dry and wet state.In order to better understand the spatial distribution pattern of water vapor transport in the Zoige region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau under extreme dry and wet conditions， this paper calculates the monthly standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index based on the ground observation data.It extracts the extreme drought and wet conditions in the Zoige region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from 2000 to 2017.The Lagrangian backward trajectory model is used to simulate the water vapor transport path under extreme dry and wet conditions and evaluate the location of potential evapotranspiration water vapor sources and their contributions to the water vapor transport in the study area.The results show that the main water vapor transport path is concentrated in the south branch transport path affected by the southwest monsoon during the wet period.The route originates from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal and finally arrives at the Zoige from the western and southern flank of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Moreover， the water vapor transport pathway during the drought period is mainly affected by the westerlies.The dominant path starts from North America and the North Atlantic， spreads from west to east， the mid-latitude Eurasian continent， and finally reaches the north of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.The main water vapor sources appeared in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau， Sichuan Basin， Bay of Bengal， Arabian Sea， and other regions.Affected by the water vapor transmission path in different periods， these water vapor sources show different characteristics.In the wet period， the water vapor source is mainly distributed around the south of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau （the contribution rate is 35.98%）.In contrast， the primary water vapor source during the drought period appears in the northern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau （the contribution rate is 28.35%）.In addition， the contribution rate of water vapor sources from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal is higher in the wet period.In contrast， the contribution rate of water vapor in the local Zoige area and Sichuan is higher in the drought period.The analysis results will help to understand the formation mechanism of water vapor during extreme drought and wet states， how the water vapor sources work， and the contribution rate of the water vapor sources.This research can deepen the understanding of the mechanism of drought and flood disasters.…”
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How Reaching the Pitch’s Final Third is Related to Scoring Opportunities in Soccer? (Cómo la invasión del último tercio del campo se relaciona con las oportunidades en el fútbol?)... by João Pedro Araújo Guimarães, Marcelo Rochael, André Gustavo Pereira de Andrade, Sarah da Glória Teles Bredt, Gibson Moreira Praça

“… This study aimed to identify the association between the criteria related to the final third entries (how, where, and spatial pattern of interaction between teams) and the success of offensive unities in elite soccer. …”
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Multi-Scenario Land Use and Carbon Storage Assessment in the Yellow River Delta Under Climate Change and Resource Development by Zekun Wang, Xiaolei Liu, Shaopeng Zhang, Xiangshuai Meng, Hongjun Zhang, Xingsen Guo

“…The results of the study show the following: (1) Over the past 30 years, the land use pattern of the YRD has generally extended toward the sea, with land use transitions mainly from grasslands (the largest reduction: 1096.20 km²), wetlands, reservoirs and ponds, and paddy fields to drylands, culture areas, construction lands, salt pans, and tidal flats. (2) Carbon storage in the YRD exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity. …”
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GraphFlood 1.0: an efficient algorithm to approximate 2D hydrodynamics for landscape evolution models by B. Gailleton, P. Steer, P. Davy, W. Schwanghart, T. Bernard

“…We demonstrate the versatility of GraphFlood by integrating realistic hydrology into various topographic and morphometric analyses, including channel width measurement, inundation pattern delineation, floodplain delineation, and the classification of hillslope, colluvial, and fluvial domains. …”
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Analysis of cumulative precipitation forecast accuracy and its impact on rice irrigation scheduling in China by Xuhua Hu, Xuhua Hu, Chiara Corbari, En Lin, Yang Xu, Shahbaz Khan, Yuanlai Cui, Yufeng Luo

“…The quality of cumulative precipitation forecast and daily precipitation forecast were compared, and their effects on irrigation compared with conventional flood irrigation evaluated.ResultsThe results showed that the precipitation forecasts from public weather forecasts had a clear seasonal and spatial pattern in the different rice cropping regions. …”
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Historical snow measurements in the central and southern Apennine Mountains: climatology, variability, and trend by V. Capozzi, F. Serrapica, A. Rocco, C. Annella, C. Annella, G. Budillon

“…In addition, using a cross-wavelet analysis, we found a close in-phase linkage on a decadal timescale between the investigated snow indicators and the Eastern Mediterranean teleconnection Pattern. For both snow cover duration and number of days with snowfall, such connection appears to be more relevant in the full (i.e. from November to April) and in the late (i.e. from February to April) seasons.…”
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Mapping the primary factors driving spatiotemporal variations of surface soil moisture in the Yellow River Basin of China by Linghua Hu, Yiming Xie, Yinzhe Liu, Siyuan Chen, Haifang Yu, Qianlong Bie, Fang Zhao, Yilin Zhao

“…The results revealed that: (1) The spatial distribution of surface soil moisture in the Yellow River Basin exhibited a pattern of "higher values in the east and west, and lower values in the middle". …”
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Annual and monthly precipitation trends: An indicator of climate change in the Caribbean region of Colombia by Heli A. Arregocés, Derly Gómez, Martha L. Castellanos

“…The analysis of monthly rainfall in the Colombian Caribbean region revealed both increasing and decreasing trends, indicating a complex and heterogeneous pattern of precipitation behavior. Over 42 years, the annual precipitation in La Guajira increased by 3.76 mm/year, while in Cordoba, it increased by 0.46 mm/year. …”
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Characteristic Analysis of the Extreme Precipitation over South China During the Dragon-Boat Precipitation in 2022 by Meixia Chen, Yufeng Xue, Juliao Qiu, Chunlei Liu, Shuqin Zhang, Jianjun Xu, Ziye Zhu

“…The results indicate that the total precipitation during this period significantly exceeded the climatological average, with multiple large-scale extreme rainfall events characterized by high intensity, extensive coverage, and prolonged duration. The spatial distribution of precipitation exhibited a north-more-south-less pattern, with the maximum rainfall center located in the Nanling Mountains, particularly in the Shaoguan–Qingyuan–Heyuan region of Guangdong Province, where peak precipitation exceeded 1100 mm, and the mean precipitation was approximately 1.7 times the climatology from the GPM data. …”
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