Three-Dimensional CKANs: UUV Noncooperative Target State Estimation Approach Based on 3D Convolutional Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks by Changjian Lin, Dan Yu, Shibo Lin

“…This network learns the patterns of sonar observations and target state transitions from a substantial offline dataset, allowing it to approximate the posterior probability distribution derived from past observations effectively. …”
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One-dimensional time-frequency dual-channel visual transformer for bearing fault diagnosis under strong noise and limited data conditions by Shaobin Cai, Yuchen Wang, Wanchen Cai, Yuchang Mo, Liansuo Wei

“…To further enhance sensitivity to local patterns and periodic variations, a cross-scale convolution module and a periodic feedforward network are introduced. …”
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Influence of Source Shape on Semi-Airborne Transient Electromagnetic Surveys by Lei Liu, Jianghai Xie, Wentao Liu, Jianmei Zhou

“…Numerical simulation results reveal that: (1) in the early stage, maximum values of electric and magnetic fields near the source are distributed along the source shape; this influence diminishes with time, and at the late stage, the spatial electromagnetic field distributions generated by linear and curved sources converge, exhibiting similar patterns regardless of the source geometry; (2) the source shape primarily affects early responses in small-offset areas while having minimal influence on late responses in large-offset regions; (3) for deep detection applications conducted in large-offset areas, the influence of the source shape can be disregarded; however, for shallow detection with receivers positioned in small-offset regions, the source shape effects should be taken into consideration.…”
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Predicting the current potential and future world wide distribution of the onion maggot, Delia antiqua using maximum entropy ecological niche modeling. by Shuoying Ning, Jiufeng Wei, Jinian Feng

“…Climate change will markedly impact biology, population ecology, and spatial distribution patterns of insect pests because of the influence of future greenhouse effects on insect development and population dynamics. …”
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A GIS based spatiotemporal modelling approach for cycling risk mapping using crowd-sourced sensor data by Bakhtiar Feizizadeh, Davoud Omarzadeh

“…We employed cycling traffic volume and route discomfort estimation techniques to determine the spatiotemporal patterns of cycling traffic volume and discomfort levels. …”
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Planning and layout of tourism and leisure facilities based on POI big data and machine learning. by Shifeng Wu, Jiangyun Wang, Yinuo Jia, Jintian Yang, Jixiu Li

“…The spatial arrangement of tourism cities and the strategic placement of tourism and leisure facilities are pivotal to the development of smart tourism cities. …”
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The transformation of house orientation following islamization and independence in Soppeng Regency: a study of culture and local identity by Andi Abidah, Erich Lehner

“…Data were collected on the orientation of houses towards the Qibla spatial patterns, and adjustments to government policies. …”
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The Unknown Heritage of the Russian City Economic Geography (about the book ‘The Industrial Geography of St. Petersburg’ by V.V. Pokshishevsky) by Mikhail Ivanovich Amosov

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Copepod Diversity and Zooplankton Community Structure in a Coastal Special Area of Conservation (La Palma Island, Atlantic Ocean) by Adrián Torres-Martínez, Inma Herrera

“…Several indicator species (e.g., <i>Candacia ethiopica</i> and <i>Oncaea scottodicarloi</i>) showed spatial patterns. While no direct impacts from the recent 2021 volcanic eruption were detected, the dominance of opportunistic copepods and the observed diversity suggest a potential adaptive response and resilience of the pelagic community to periodic geological disturbances. …”
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Four-Dimensionally Multiplexed Eight-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over Turbulent Channels by Zhen Qu, Ivan B. Djordjevic

“…., six-channel wavelength-division multiplexing, four-channel orbital angular momentum multiplexing, two-channel polarization multiplexing, and two-channel spatial-position multiplexing. The atmospheric turbulence channel is emulated by a spatial light modulator on which a series of azimuthal phase patterns yielding Andrews&#x2019; spectrum are recorded. …”
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Atlas use in teaching geography in higher education in the U.S. and Canada by Jerry Green, Liza Skryzhevska, Stanley Toops

“…We conclude that atlases are useful for studies of spatial associations and geographic patterns, as a background information or context resource, as a source that helps to learn geographic locations, and to learn cartographic methods and map design.…”
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A hierarchical multiscale model of forward and backward alpha-band traveling waves in the visual system. by Jakob C B Schwenk, Andrea Alamia

“…It bridges the gap between scales by connecting laminar activity to scalp-level spatial patterns, providing a biologically grounded and comprehensive view of the spatial propagation of alpha-band traveling waves.…”
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Hybrid deep learning for IoT-based health monitoring with physiological event extraction by Sivanagaraju Vallabhuni, Kumar Debasis

“…Whereas the CNNs extract spatial features from medical images, the LSTMs model the temporal patterns of wearable sensor data. …”
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Spatiotemporal evaluation of irrigation groundwater quality in Hungarian agricultural sites using hydrochemical and machine learning approaches by Musaab A. A. Mohammed, Norbert P. Szabó, Viktória Mikita, Péter Szűcs

“…Groundwater samples from the Debrecen area (2019–2024) were analyzed using Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), irrigation indices (SAR, Na%, IWQI), and Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) to understand spatial and temporal patterns. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model was developed to predict IWQI from key water quality parameters, aiming to reduce manual calculation errors. …”
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A study of dominant factors in the coupled coordination of population–ecology–energy–digital economy in China based on random forest algorithm by Qikang Zhong, Jiawei Zhu, Zhe Li

“…Abstract This study aims to examine the spatiotemporal patterns and dominant influencing factors of the coupling coordinated development (CCD) among population, ecology, energy, and digital economy (PEED) systems in China, contributing to the broader goal of sustainable regional development. …”
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Exploring the spatiotemporal dynamics and resilience assessment of urban networks from the perspective of population flow. by Jiulin Li, Wenhui Lin, Jinlong Chu

“…The spatial patterns of population mobility serve as a critical indicator for urban network characterization, providing an essential foundation for resilience assessment. …”
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Formulation of Urban Growth Scenarios for Middle-Sized Cities Towards Metropolization: The Case of Puerto Montt, Los Lagos Region by Mauricio Morales, Francisco Maturana, Severino Escolano, Fernando Peña-Cortés

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Micro-CT analysis reveals porosity driven growth banding in Caribbean coral Siderastrea siderea by James Vincent, Tom Sheldrake

“…Therefore, an understanding of the depth in which skeletal thickening occurs is important to aid the interpretation of seasonal banding patterns. In this study, two colonies of Caribbean coral Siderastrea siderea were sampled from the north-west coast of Barbados at water depths of 5 and 15 m. …”
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Research on the Protection of Battlefield Sites in the Taihang Mountain Area of Southern Hebei Province, China: A Case Study of She County by Feifei Zheng, Yuan Kuang, Yue Hu

“…The aim is to reveal the architectural characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution patterns of battlefield sites, evaluate its current status and constraints, and propose targeted protection strategies and restoration measures. …”
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Toward a synthesis of Paleoamerican fluted point cultures in the Carolinas by I. Randolph Daniel, Albert C. Goodyear, Christopher R. Moore, David K. Thulman, Joseph E. Wilkinson

“…We speculate that this morphological distinction is a functional one related to proboscidean extinction. Spatial distributions of these point types across the state, when combined with similar point distributions across South Carolina, reveal distinct geographic patterns. …”
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