Assessing ChatGPT-4’s performance on the US prosthodontic exam: impact of fine-tuning and contextual prompting vs. base knowledge, a cross-sectional study by Mahmood Dashti, Farshad Khosraviani, Tara Azimi, Delband Hefzi, Shohreh Ghasemi, Amir Fahimipour, Niusha Zare, Zohaib Khurshid, Syed Rashid Habib

“…The aim is to determine whether fine-tuning improves the AI’s accuracy in answering specialized questions. Methods An official sample questions from the 2021 US National Prosthodontic Resident Mock Exam was used, obtained from the American College of Prosthodontists. …”
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Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with overdose among patients with a substance-related diagnosis in the emergency department of Southern California by Brian Maila, María Luisa Zúñiga, Carla Marienfeld

“…We investigated the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with drug overdoses among patients with substance-related diagnoses (SRD) in a Southern California healthcare system’s ED. Methods A cross-sectional study employed EPIC electronic medical records from a sample of 13,477 adults (18–90 years of age) diagnosed with an SRD ICD-10 classification and had an ED encounter within the UCSD Health system in Southern California during the period from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2023. …”
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Expansion of social protection is necessary towards zero catastrophic costs due to TB: The first national TB patient cost survey in the Philippines. by Jhiedon L Florentino, Rosa Mia L Arao, Anna Marie Celina Garfin, Donna Mae G Gaviola, Carlos R Tan, Rajendra Prasad Yadav, Tom Hiatt, Fukushi Morishita, Andrew Siroka, Takuya Yamanaka, Nobuyuki Nishikiori

“…The sample consists of 786 drug-sensitive TB (DS-TB) patients in urban facilities, 806 DS-TB patients in rural facilities, and 320 drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) patients. …”
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SIGLEC1 has the potential to be an immune-related prognostic indicator in colon adenocarcinoma: a study based on transcriptomic data and Mendelian randomization analysis by Jue Gu, Yaxuan Wang, Hui Zhang, Haijuan Gu, Haixia Zhu

“…There are currently no specific studies indicating the mechanism of action of TME in COPD patients. Methods The percentage of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIC) in 512 COAD cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was calculated using CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE. …”
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Effect of a Single Dose of Metoclopramide on Gastric Volume in Fasting Diabetic Patients Measured using Ultrasonography: A Randomised Controlled Trial by Shwetha K Mudalagirigowda, Madhu Srinivasaiah, Jyothi Bramhachar

“…A total of 60 diabetic patients posted for elective surgeries who had fasted for more than eight hours were enrolled in the present study to receive either injection Metoclopramide (group M) or Injection normal saline (group N). …”
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Prevalence of Mitral Valve Prolapse Among Individuals with Pectus Excavatum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Andrea Sonaglioni, Antonino Bruno, Alessio Polymeropoulos, Gian Luigi Nicolosi, Michele Lombardo, Paola Muti

“…<b>Conclusions</b>: PE individuals are nearly six times more likely to have MVP than controls. MVP prevalence is three-fold higher in PE individuals during childhood and early adolescence, compared to PE adults. …”
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Ultrasound biomicroscopic imaging analysis of lens position and stability in acute and chronic angle-closure glaucoma by Zhiying Yu, Xinyu Wang, Haitao Wang, Jing Han, Jing Fu, Licun Wang, Ling Wang

“…Normally distributed data were compared between the two groups using an independent samples t-test. Data that did not follow a normal distribution were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. …”
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VISUALIZATION OF SINUS NODE ARTERIES BY MULTISLICE SPIRAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY by L. A. Bockeria, V. N. Makarenko, L. A. Yurpol’skaya, S. A. Alexandrova, M. A. Shlyappo

“…Objective: to assess the capabilities of multislice spiral computed tomography coronary angiography (MSCT-CA) to visualize the anatomy of the sinus node artery (SNA). Material and methods. The retrospective analysis of coronary artery examinations covered 46 patients with the referral diagnosis of coronary heart disease. …”
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GPX3 promotes cisplatin resistance in TNBC by manipulating ROS-TGFB1-ZEB2 by Qingyi Hu, Qianzhi Chen, Wen Yang, Anwen Ren, Jie Tan, Tao Huang

“…Results GPX3 expression was upregulated in more invasive TNBC cells, promoting resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy. …”
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Exploring the Views of Dermatologists, General Practitioners, and Melanographers on the Use of AI Tools in the Context of Good Decision-Making When Detecting Melanoma: Qualitative... by Brad Partridge, Nicole Gillespie, H Peter Soyer, Victoria Mar, Monika Janda

“…A priority for clinicians is the conservation of good clinical acumen, and our study encourages a more focused engagement with users about the precise way to incorporate AI into the clinical decision-making process for melanoma detection.…”
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Integrated proteomics and metabolomics network analysis across different delivery modes in human pregnancy: a pilot study by Yun Huang, Yanyan Ni, Yu Meng, Xiaojing Zeng, Xiaoqing He, Lin Zhang, Jun Zhang

“…However, it remains unclear whether protein and metabolite differences across different delivery modes may underlie child development. Methods A cohort comprising 16 spontaneous onset vaginal delivery (VD), 16 prelabor cesarean delivery on maternal request (CS), and 8 intrapartum cesarean section (Intra_CS) women were analyzed using label-free proteomic and untargeted metabolomics assays on amniotic fluid and cord blood samples, respectively. …”
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The association between multimorbidity and food insecurity among US parents, guardians, and caregivers by Claire E. Branley, Melissa Goulding, Mayra Tisminetzky, Stephenie C. Lemon

“…To fill this gap, we examined the association between multimorbidity and food insecurity among U.S. parents. Methods Cross-sectional data from 2019 to 2022 of the National Health Interview Survey were analyzed. …”
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Spatial transcriptomic analysis across histological subtypes reveals molecular heterogeneity and prognostic markers in early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma by Hua Geng, Wenhao Zhou, Haitao Luo, Jiaqian Wang, Shixiong Li, Congcong Song, Yujie Zhao, Meilin Xu

“…Currently, the correlation between molecular and histologic features remains poorly understood. Methods Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) samples were collected from patients with primary early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma, encompassing three histologic subtypes: well‐differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated. …”
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Associations of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke by Rentang Bi, Yanhao Wei, Pengcheng Li, Haokun Peng, Mohammad Alizadeh, Bo Hu, Yanan Li

“…In particular, there is a lack of research focusing on patients with acute ischemic stroke, a key area that could provide important insights into the brain–kidney connection. Methods AND RESULTS We established a large‐sample size, multicenter prospective cohort study (SMART [Cerebral Small Vascular Disease Registry Multicenter Clinical Trial]) across 13 subcenters in central China. …”
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Food Safety: Pathological and Biochemical Responses of Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus)</i> to Parasitological Infestation and Heavy Metals Pollution in Aquaculture System,... by Muslimah N. Alsulami, Sarah Khaled Baowidan, Rabab M. Aljarari, Haleema H. Albohiri, Samar A. Khan, Elham Ali Elkhawass

“…The study showed that male tilapias had greater infestation rates than females and longer and heavier male fish tended to be more susceptible to <i>Dactylogyrus</i> infection. …”
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Clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of AIDS with CMV infection by ZENG Dong, SONG Shu, YANG Yuexiang, XU Jingjing, GUO Wenjuan, ZHENG Ye, SHI Yuhan, FENG Yanling

“…Result The main symptoms of the patients were fever, nausea and vomiting, gastric discomfort, abdominal pain and diarrhea, while a few cases presented with hematemesis, hematochezia, cough, and hemoptysis. Tissue samples from 32 cases were obtained via gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsies, including 10 cases with biopsies from more than 2 sites. 2 cases were from lymph nodes, and 1 case each from skin, submandibular gland, lung, and perianal biopsies. …”
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Combined Effect of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Trajectories of Ultrasound-Measured Fetal Growth: A Birth Cohort Study in Beijing, China by Zheng Liu, Hui Liu, Xiangrong Xu, Shusheng Luo, Jue Liu, Chuyao Jin, Na Han, Hai-Jun Wang

“…Interventions for pregnancies with GDM may be more beneficial for those with 25(OH)D deficiency than those without regarding risk of excessive fetal growth, if confirmed in a large sample.…”
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Artificial Intelligence–Aided Diagnosis System for the Detection and Classification of Private-Part Skin Diseases: Decision Analytical Modeling Study by Wei Wang, Xiang Chen, Licong Xu, Kai Huang, Shuang Zhao, Yong Wang

“…The data of Institute 1 contained 2701 skin lesion samples from 520 patients, which were used for the training of the multitask detection network in the first stage. …”
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Prevalence and risk factors associated with arterial hypertension among police officers at the Goma garrison, Democratic Republic of Congo: A cross-sectional study by Omari Lampard Mukanga, Jonathan Molangi Etebe, Jean de Dieu Murhula Balezi, Adot Mutuza Malabo

“…The garrison had a strength of 3428 police officers. We used a sample of 440 police officers drawn in clusters (cells) proportional to their respective numbers. …”
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Revision and validation of the Chinese version of the interpersonal reactivity index for couples for expectant couples by Juju Huang, Tengfei Liang, Jinzhi Li, Qiankun Liu, Jiaxue Pang, Yang Xu, Hui Xie

“…Objective This research seeks to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index for Couples (IRIC) to ensure it is culturally relevant to China, while also assessing its reliability and validity among a sample of pregnant women and their spouses. Methods A total of 402 couples were recruited from two hospitals in Anhui Province. …”
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