Optimizing Small Cell Performance: A New MIMO Paradigm With Distributed ASTAR-RISs by Shakil Ahmed, Ahmed E. Kamal, Mohamed Y. Selim, Md Akbar Hossain, Saifur Rahman Sabuj

“…However, ScNs have resource allocation limitations, and traditional RISs can only reflect signals in a limited propagation space of 1800 with fixed reflection properties. …”
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Company management based on key performance indicators: Industry overview by O. V. Zaglyadin

“…Key performance indicators (KPIs) act as a specific indicator of productivity, and reflect the degree of implementation of goals and objectives that have been set for specific employees, departments, or the organization as a whole. …”
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The Romanian Research-Development System - An Overview in Global Context by MĂDĂLINA TOCAN

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MATHEMATICAL ASPECTS OF AIRCRAFT ENGINES RUNNING OPTIMIZATION FOR MINIMUM FUEL CONSUMPTION WHILE LANDING by Y. M. Chinyuchin, V. A. Belkin

“…The consistency of the potential increase of fuel efficiency, based on aircraft maintenance optimization, is mathe- matically proved. …”
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Dynamic Facades: Environmental Control Systems for Sustainable Design by Riham Nady

“…The image of a building, and therefore for the users, is reflected through the design of the façade.</p><p class="Default">In recent practices, architects and engineers are strategically designing and installing dynamic facades not only for their aesthetic values, but also for improving the buildings’ energy performance. …”
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Analysis and Optimization of Dysprosium-Doped Yellow Fiber Lasers for Ophthalmology Applications by Foroogh Khozeymeh, Federica Poli, Wahida Chowdhury, Annamaria Cucinotta

“…The influence of overlap integrals, output mirror reflectivity, and active fiber length on laser performance is investigated. …”
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Toward 6G: Deep GRU and RNN Empowered MVDR and LCMV Adaptive Beamformers for IRS-Aided Wireless Environments by D. L. Sharini, Ravilla Dilli, M. Kanthi, G. D. Goutham Simha

“…The proposed approach enables precise signal alignment with improved spatial selectivity, effective interference suppression, and enhanced spectral efficiency. Monte Carlo simulations validate the efficient performance of the GRU-based MVDR beamforming scheme, achieving a spectral efficiency of ~5 bps/Hz observed at lower signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), outperforming other hybrid approaches. …”
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Exploration of the bio-availability and the risk thresholds of cadmium and arsenic in contaminated paddy soils by Di Guan, Xionghui Ji, Saihua Liu, Shan Chen, Yunhe Xie, Jiamei Wu

“…The results showed that the HCl, CaCl2, HNO3, and CaCl2-DTPA solutions exhibited high extraction efficiency for Cd (42.2–88.4 %); for As, NaH2PO4, HCl, and HNO3 have the extraction efficiency (0.85–23.4 %). …”
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Optimizing low-power, anti-interference routing with IRS through spatiotemporal reinforcement and federated learning by Chengfu Fan, Shoujiu Xiong, Fei Zhou

“…Abstract This paper introduces the SAC-IRS algorithm, a novel approach that combines Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize network performance, specifically targeting packet delivery rate and energy efficiency. …”
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Reducing dietary crude protein levels while meeting metabolizable protein requirements: Performance of dairy cows over a full lactation period by A. Lavery, A. Craig, A.W. Gordon, A. White, N. Barkley, C.P. Ferris

“…In addition, reducing dietary CP content from 170 to 160 g CP/kg DM improved N use efficiency (NUE; milk N/N intake), with no further improvement with 150 g CP/kg DM. …”
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Discrete Phase Shift IRS-Assisted Energy Harvesting in Cognitive Radio Networks With Spectrum Sensing by Lilian Chiru Kawala, Guoquan Li, Mihertie Habtamu Demeke, Junzhou Xiong, Hao Xiong, Hang Hu

“…Energy Harvesting (EH) techniques, particularly RF-based EH, offer a solution by powering CRN terminals, thereby enhancing spectrum utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRSs) have emerged as a powerful technology to enhance wireless propagation environments and support RF-based EH in CRNs. …”
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Deep Learning-Based Secrecy Performance of UAV-IRS NOMA Systems With Friendly Jamming by Kajal Yadav, Prabhat K. Upadhyay, Jules M. Moualeu, Amani A. F. Osman, Pedro H. J. Nardelli

“…In this paper, we explore the integration of the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to enhance spectral and energy efficiencies, as well as wireless connectivity in IoT applications. …”
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Optimize multi-objective transformation rules of water-sediment regulation for cascade reservoirs in the Lower Yellow River of China by Kunhui Hong, Aixing Ma, Wei Zhang, Mingxiong Cao

“…Furthermore, the efficiency of sediment transport is closely related to hydropower generation: when hydropower is below 12.28 billion kWh, the conversion efficiency from hydropower generation to sediment transport increases significantly. …”
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Balancing Yield and Sustainability: A Comparative Analysis of Supplemental Lighting in Commercial-Scale Cucumber Cultivation by Seyed Mohammad Hashemi, Andrzej Kurenda, Selin Karatepe, Nick A. Savidov

“…The results indicated that iLEDs enhance intrinsic water use efficiency (35.65 µmol CO₂/mol H₂O) and reduce transpiration, reflecting superior physiological resource use. …”
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Can Land System Innovation Promote the Improvement of Green Land Use Efficiency in Urban Land—Evidence from China’s Pilot Reform of the Approval System for Urban Construction Land... by Chong Liu, Haixin Huang, Jianfei Yang

“…Land serves as a crucial repository of resource elements, and enhancing the green use efficiency of urban land (GUEUL) is essential for attaining sustainable development. …”
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Synthesis and characterization of bismuth gadolinium oxide/g-C3N4 heterojunction nano photocatalyst for efficient sunlight-driven purification of wastewater containing malachite gr... by Shokofeh Mirzasani, Movlud Valian, Ahmad Akbari, Forat H. Alsultany, Masoud Salavati-Niasari

“…In this research, considering the problem of water pollution, efficient bismuthate nanostructures have been designed to destroy organic pollutants; and in the following, suitable strategies to improve the photocatalytic efficiency have been presented and analyzed. …”
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Enhancing Both TM- and TE-Polarized Light Extraction Efficiency of AlGaN-Based Deep Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diode via Air Cavity Extractor With Vertical Sidewall by Yonghui Zhang, Yuxin Zheng, Ruilin Meng, Ce Sun, Kangkai Tian, Chong Geng, Zi-Hui Zhang, Guoxu Liu, Wengang Bi

“…In this work, we investigate the effect of sidewall angle, height and space of an air cavity extractor (AC-Extractor) on the polarization-dependent light extraction efficiency (LEE) for AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV LEDs) using three-dimensional finite difference time-domain method. …”
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ETHICS AND COMMERCIAL COMMUNICATION by Flaviu MEGHIŞAN

“…The modern economic science was built around the concept of efficiency. In economy the notion of equality is strongly correlated with the notion of balance, such as the market balance when the demand equals the offer. …”
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Experimental and theoretical analysis of ultrasonic separation in bioethanol purification by Junli Liu, Hao Feng

“…Both ultrasonic separation efficiency and collection rates increased with solution temperatures. …”
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Study on Packaging Technology of GAGG:Ce Scintillation Detector by WAN Qianyin1, 2, WANG Qiang1, 2, XIE Yuqing1, 2, XIAO Xiong1, 2, ZHANG Zetao1, 2, DING Yuchong1, 2, REN Kejing1, 2, XU Yang1, 2

“…It is determined that the diffuse reflection on the crystal surface is the most conducive to the collection of scintillation photons. …”