The Specific Evidence Rule. Reference Classes – Individuals – Personal Autonomy by Kyriakos N. Kotsoglou

“…This paper grapples with the issue of naked statistical evidence in general and the reference class problem (RCP) in particular. By analysing the reasoning patterns underlying the RCP, I will show, first, that the RCP rests on theoretical presuppositions which we are by no means willing to accept. …”
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Childbearing and Family Instability: The Impact of Children on Women's Divorce Probability in Iran by Davoud Shahpari Sani, Mohammad Jalal Abbasi Shavazi

“…How fertility and union stability interact in shaping new family patterns in Italy and Spain. Demographic Research, 18, 117-144. …”
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Establishing altitude-based coagulation reference ranges in Western Sichuan by Qing Yuan, YanWu Liu, JiaYu Liu, MingXia Tang, Jian Yang, ShuZhi Zhou, Ling Zhang, JunWu Du, KongJie Yang, XiaoXue Li, Zhenglin Huang

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Dog demography and ecology with reference to rabies in the Amhara region, Ethiopia by Liuel Yizengaw Adnie, Wudu Temesgen Jemberu, Adane Bahiru Woreta, Adugna Berju, Araya Mengistu, Zeleke Tesema Wondie, Wassie Molla, Sefinew Alemu Mekonnen

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Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Co-occurrence Risk of Rainstorms and High Tide Levels in Guangzhou by Zheng Yangkun, Wang Feng, Wei Qiuying, Zhang Yun, Yang Fang, Hu Maochuan

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Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of functional coupling in the triple space of the sea area of Ningbo by Baoquan Wei, Baoquan Wei, Anning Suo, Yanlong Chen

“…Third, the coupling coordination degree exhibits an overall random spatial distribution pattern without distinct clustering or discrete effects.DiscussionAccording to the local Moran index, land and sea areas of Yinzhou District show high-value polarization, failing to drive surrounding development; Zhenhai and Beilun districts exhibit low-value clustering with potential for optimization; and Cixi City and Ninghai County are high-value clustering areas, indicating strong coupling coordination. …”
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Study on the Evolutionary Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Patterns and Decoupling Effect of Urban Carbon Emissions in the Yangtze River Delta Region Based on Neural Network... by Xichun Luo, Chaoming Cai, Honghao Zhao

“…Analyzing its evolutionary characteristics of spatial and temporal patterns and its decoupling effect is of great importance for the purpose of low-carbon development. …”
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Memory consolidation from a reinforcement learning perspective by Jong Won Lee, Min Whan Jung, Min Whan Jung

“…Memory consolidation refers to the process of converting temporary memories into long-lasting ones. …”
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Navajo-Churro Wool Fiber Survey with References to California Mutton Breeds by Andrea Maura Harris, You-Lo Hsieh

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From theory to empirics and back: A misunderstanding around the Veblenian dichotomy by A. V. Vernikov, A. A. Kurysheva

“…Research findings indicate that the articles by Russian institutionalists contain a systematic bias with regard to the treatment of traditional norms and values as merely ceremonial ones, implying backwardness and archaic patterns, which impede technological progress and “modernization”.Scientific novelty: the application of Veblenian analytical tools in an applied institutional study is reconsidered. …”
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Gross morphological and ultrasonographic dimensions of normal feline kidney with reference to resistive index by Mohamed Ahmed Maher, Laura Palacio, Juan C. Henao, Samar H. Elsharkawy

“…Our objective is to morphometrically and ultrasonographically investigate the normal renal dimensions and vasculatures and draw up a normal reference value for the renal inter-lobar artery resistivity index (RI) using a Pulsed wave-Doppler ultrasonography. …”
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Exploring LGBTQ+ marketing authenticity: A qualitative entity-referent correspondence study by Marius Wait

“…Practical/managerial implications: To achieve authentic representation and avoid tokenistic approaches, marketing professionals should establish direct collaborative partnerships with LGBTQ+ community members to co-develop meaningful marketing strategies. Contribution/value-add: This research breaks new ground by being the first to apply the entity-referent correspondence framework to determine LGBTQ+ marketing authenticity. …”
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Reference genes selection and validation in yam by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction by Linan Xing, Yanfang Zhang, Yanping Xing, Mingran Ge, Huiqin Miao, Xiuwen Huo

“…Therefore, screening and validating suitable reference genes are essential for accurately studying gene expression patterns in yam. …”
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Intestinal parasitic infection with special reference to taeniid tapeworms in school children of Malakand region, Pakistan by Rahman H. U., Rafiq N., Khan W., De Los Ríos Escalante P., Aldamigh M. A.

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Intelligent Gamification Mechanics Using Fuzzy-AHP and K-Means to Provide Matched Partner Reference by Fitri Marisa, Sharifah Sakinah Syed Ahmad, Nasreen Kausar, Sajida Kousar, Dragan Pamucar, Nasr Al Din Ide

“…First, analyze needs for a recommendation model that supports partner reference. Second, design an intelligent system formula using the Fuzzy-Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy-AHP) and K-Means algorithms to obtain partner reference recommendation patterns and segmentation of similarity of interests between partners. …”
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Experimental Evaluation of Enhanced Antenna Switching for CFO Mitigation in DoA Estimation by Ales Simoncic, Ke Guan, Grega Morano, Ales Svigelj, Andrej Hrovat, Teodora Kocevska, Tomaz Javornik

“…We propose to use optimized antenna switching patterns (ASPs) to mitigate the effect of CFO on accuracy in DoA estimation using a multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. …”
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Reference Intervals (RIs) of the Bone Turnover Markers (BTMs) in Children and Adolescents: A Proposal for Effective Use by Vincenzo Brescia, Roberto Lovero, Antonietta Fontana, Roberta Zerlotin, Silvia Concetta Colucci, Maria Grano, Angela Pia Cazzolla, Francesca Di Serio, Vito Crincoli, Maria Felicia Faienza

“…Evaluation of the distribution of values and the meaning of the biomarker concentrations were used to calculate general and specific RI for an age group. …”
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Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis in older adults: reference standards from a cross-sectional study by Francesco Campa, Giuseppe Annunziata, Luigi Barrea, Alessandro Sampieri, Chiara Ceolin, Chiara Ceolin, Marina De Rui, Francesco Sguaizer, Cristian Petri, Fabrizio Spataro, Gabriele Mascherini, Margherita Micheletti Cremasco, Giuseppe Sergi, Tatiana Moro, Antonio Paoli

“…New bivariate tolerance ellipses for resistance (R) and reactance (Xc), standardized by participants’ height (H), were compared with data from adult populations and the original BIVA references proposed by Piccoli in 1995 (ages 15–85).ResultsNew reference values for older adults were established. …”
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Identifying the Optimal Scenario for Reducing Land-Use Conflicts in Regional Development by Weihua Liao, Xingwang Hu, Zhu Huang, Meixin Wei

“…In this study, the conflict risk is assessed based on the landscape pattern index, and the ecological benefit is assessed based on the ecosystem service value, and the ‘conflict risk–ecological benefit’ assessment method is constructed, focusing on the land-use conflicts in areas where the conflict risk increases and the ecological benefit decreases, and evaluating whether there is a best solution to alleviate these conflicts. …”
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Research on horizontal multi-step cavity construction for salt cavern gas storage based on experiments by Jiasong CHEN, Xuefeng BAI, Guijiu WANG, Lianbin ZHAO, Jun LU, Lilin FAN, Haosheng LIU, Luokun XIAO

“…MethodsThis study explored the influence of key parameters on the final shapes of cavities created through the horizontal multi-step cavity-building approach and analyzed both the cavity shape and the construction process from an engineering perspective, thus presenting recommended values for these key parameters. A physical simulation experimental setup was designed to examine cavity expansion patterns during horizontal multi-step cavity construction. …”
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