Investigation of group effect in configurations of batter pile groups under lateral load in sand by Masoud Hajialilue Bonab, Mehran Hassanzadeh

“…Pile groups consisting of four Aluminum piles with rectangular cross sections were experimentally studied. …”
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Physical and numerical modeling for the investigation of downstream scour caused by sudden blockage in circular and box culvert inlets by Saeed Gohari, Somayeh Karimpour

“…The dswall ⁄ D values of rectangular model culverts were 1.3 to 1.5 times greater than those of circular model culverts. …”
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Structural Design and Sealing Performance Analysis of Biomimetic Sealing Ring by Chuanjun Han, Han Zhang, Jie Zhang

“…The biomimetic ring has three concave ridges and convex bulges on each side which are very similar to earthworms. Bulges were circularly designed and sealing performances of the biomimetic ring in both static seal and dynamic seal were simulated by FEM. …”
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Construction of Uniaxial Interaction Diagram for Slender Reinforced Concrete Column Based on Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis by Bedaso Ahmed, Kefiyalew Zerfu, Elmer C. Agon

“…The key parameters which were studied in this study were eccentricity, slenderness ratio, steel ratio, and shape of the column. …”
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An Innovative Balanced-Yielding Support Method for Tunnel in Deep Inclined Strata by Wei Yongke, Guo Hongyan, Hu Juyi, Liu Jiaqing, Liu Limin

“…The results showed that (1) the stress concentration appeared at the top corners of the lower side and the bottom corner of the upper side of the rectangular and semicircular arched tunnel. (2) Compared with rectangle and vertical-wall semicircular arch tunnels, the trapezoidal tunnel could relieve the shearing effect of the inclined rock strata. (3) The length, prestress, spacing-row distance of the bolt, and the parameter of the yielding structure were all optimally designed to form the balanced-yielding support system. (4) In engineering application, the maximum deformations of the roof, right side and left side, were less than 80 mm. …”
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A Study of Bronze Age Storage and Warehouse Architecture at Tappeh Graziani, Sistan, Iran by Hossein Ali Kavosh, Zohreh Oveisi-Keikha

“…Surrounding Shahr-i Sokhta were numerous industrial and residential sites, with Tappeh Graziani being one of the largest. …”
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Strength of multilayered plates with impact damage by V.I. Mitryaykin, O.N. Bezzametnov

“…Here, we introduced an experimental technique to determine the PCM strength and modeled the impact damage on rectangular plates to illustrate the conclusions drawn. …”
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Effect of Ionic and Nonionic Compounds Structure on the Fluidity of Model Lipid Membranes: Computer Simulation and EPR Experiment by Dariusz Man, Barbara Pytel

“…Liposomes, formed via lecithin sonication, were doped with compounds of varying concentrations and analyzed using EPR spectroscopy to assess changes in membrane rigidity. …”
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Accuracy of photorespiration and mitochondrial respiration in the light fitted by CO2 response model for photosynthesis by Zhengwen Niu, Zi-Wu-Yin Ye, Qi Huang, Chunju Peng, Huajing Kang

“…Model-derived estimates of Rp and Rd were compared with measured values to assess the accuracy of three CO2-response models (biochemical, rectangular hyperbola, modified rectangular hyperbola). …”
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Nanomaterial effects on minimizing the local scour around bridge pier in curved channels by Ahmed H. Mahmoud, Anani E. Anani, Mamdouh A. Dardeer, Ahmed S. Habash

“…Three different diameters of piers were used: 4 cm, 5 cm, and 6 cm. The channel was made of transparent polycarbonate with a rectangular section (30 × 60 cm). …”
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Additive Manufactured Compact Microwave Absorbers by Gregory Peter Le Sage, Muhammad Shumail

“…The absorber comprised five or six rectangular pieces of these plastic materials. The thickness and fill factor values for each piece were optimized to minimize reflection through fast analytic modeling in MATLAB. …”
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Effects of particle size distribution on flotation kinetics of bituminous coal by A. Bahrami, Y. Ghorbani, E. Gulcan, F. Kazemi, H. Kakaei, S. Farajzadeh

“…For this purpose, a series of batch flotation experiments were conducted in rougher stage, and concentrates were collected in different time periods. …”
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Enhanced Performance of Flat Plate Solar Collector with Twisted Tape Double Cutting Rectangle Shape by Basima Salman, Sanaa Hassan Obaid

“…For each shape, three pitches were used: 2,3 and 4 cm. The results indicated that the efficiency of the collector using the double-cutting rectangular twisted tape with a 2 cm pitch was superior to other collector shapes. …”
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Static Analysis of Composite Plates with Periodic Curvatures in Material Using Navier Method by Ozlem Vardar, Zafer Kutug, Ayse Erdolen

“…After verifying the convergence and accuracy of the developed MATLAB code by comparing it with existing solutions for rectangular homogeneous isotropic and laminated composite plates, results were obtained for periodically curved plates. …”
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Defect detection method of red globe grapes bunches based on near infrared camera imaging by GAO Sheng

“…Then the sample edges and fruit stalks were removed by the normalized supergreen method and the finding large connected domain algorithm to extract the shape feature parameters such as roundness, rectangularity and external rectangular aspect ratio of the defective part of red globe grapes bunches and fruit edges, respectively. …”
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Error performance of CE-OFDM based AF systems with relay selection by Tao JIANG, Guangqiu LI, Jianhui CAI

“…Constant envelope (CE) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can develop the advantages of OFDM,and eliminate the shortcomings of high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and sensitivity to non-linear distortion of power amplifiers.The error performance of OFDM based amplify-and-forward (AF) cooperative system with relay selection will be deteriorated due to feedback delay and other factors.Minimum mean square error (MMSE) Wiener channel predictor can alleviate the deterioration of error performance of wireless systems caused by feedback delay.For this reason,the CE-OFDM based AF cooperative system with relay selection and MMSE channel prediction which can overcome the shortcomings of OFDM and the influence of feedback delay was proposed,and its lower bound expressions for the average bit error rate (ABER) of rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation over Rayleigh block fading channels were derived.The numerical calculation and simulation results show that the lower bound expressions for the ABER of the above system has high accuracy when the modulation coefficients are small and can be used to design the AF cooperative system with CE-OFDM,channel prediction,and relay selection.…”
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Reuse process for timber elements to optimise residual performances in subsequent life cycles by Stefania De Gregorio

“…In the paper, taking samples of rectangular timber elements from selective demolitions made in the Valencian Community, the structural values that are assigned by visual strength grading legislation were compared with the real resistance values identified by experimental analysis to verify their compliance. …”
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Sensitivity Analysis of Fiber-Reinforced Lamina Micro-Electro-Mechanical Switches with Nonlinear Vibration Using a Higher Order Hamiltonian Approach by Ali Kabiri, Sadegh Sadeghzadeh

“…The switches are modeled as solid rectangular beams consisting of an isotropic matrix with transversely and longitudinally isotropic reinforcements, incorporating a higher order Hamiltonian approach. …”
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Redesign the Best Model for Lower Link Arm in the MF Tractor by Finite Element Analysis by Tariq Mahmoud Chliab, Ali Adelkhani

“…Nine different arm models were designed with three different cross-sectional shapes (Rectangular-Narrow Center) and three volume methods (Straight, Vertical Convex, and Horizontal Convex). …”
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Parameter Estimation of Fractional Uncertain Differential Equations by Jing Ning, Zhi Li, Liping Xu

“…We obtain the parameter estimations of the considered equations by using rectangular and trapezoidal algorithms for numerical approximation of optimal problems. …”
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