IOF-Tracker: A Two-Stage Multiple Targets Tracking Method Using Spatial-Temporal Fusion Algorithm by Hongbin Liu, Yongze Zhao, Peng Dong, Xiuyi Guo, Yilin Wang

“…First, the video frames are processed by a detector to identify objects and form rectangular detection areas. Meanwhile, an estimator predicts the target rectangular areas in the next frame. …”
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An Aircraft Pallet Damage Monitoring Method Based on Damage Subarea Identification and Probability-Based Diagnostic Imaging by Bin Liu, Tingzhang Liu, Yue Lin, Jianfei Zhao

“…In the proposed method, first, the large aircraft pallet monitoring area is divided into rectangular subareas, and a piezoelectric transducer sensor is pasted on each vertex of the rectangular subarea that is used to excitation and sensing the Lamb wave. …”
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Auditory filtering at low frequencies by A. P. SĘK

“…This paper is concerned with the comparison of the critical bandwidth (CB) and the equivalent rectangular bandwidth (ERB) of the auditory filters at low frequencies. …”
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What is the best pulse shape for pacing purposes? by Avinoam Rabinovitch, Doron Braunstein, Ella Smolik, Yaacov Biton, Revital Rabinovitch

“…Other pulse shapes examined, including ramp-up, ramp-down, half-sine, and triangular (tent-like), fall between these two in terms of performance.DiscussionFrom a clinical perspective, the appropriate pulse shape should be selected based on the specific goal. For minimizing the pulse amplitude required to cross the excitation threshold, the rectangular pulse is recommended. …”
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Isolation Enhancement Based on TM010 and TE30 Mode Characteristics in a Patch Antennas Using Genetic Algorithm Optimization for Ku-Band Applications by Muddineni Raveendra, U. Saravanakumar, P. Padmaloshani, P. Saam Prasanth Dheeraj, Anand Anbalagan, R. Sreelakshmy

“…This paper proposes a novel technique to enhance isolation in rectangular patch antennas by leveraging the mode characteristics of TM010 and TE30 to achieve better than −40 dB between the transmitter and receiver with dual-polarization features. …”
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Method for extracting light stripes of wheel profiles from consecutive frames in complex background by LEI Yongwei, LEI Lei, SONG Dongli, LIN Hanxiao

“…This paper proposed a method that involves detecting the enclosing rectangle of binary images in the R component of acquired images, utilizing the shape characteristics of thin and long light stripes and their distinct color characteristics, against complex backgrounds caused by varying illumination conditions in wheel profile detection. …”
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A continuous merging method for natural surface elements based on morphing by Yue Chen, Haizhong Qian

“…Additionally, due to the complexity and diversity of natural element boundaries, traditional algorithms designed for artificial areal elements with rectangular characteristics are no longer effective. …”
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Comparison of Eddy Current Loss Calculation Techniques for Axial Flux Motors with Printed Circuit Board Windings by Andreas Bauer, Daniel Dieterich, Sven Urschel

“…This publication provides a comprehensive overview of a selection of different eddy current loss calculation techniques that are applicable for rectangular tracks and round wire windings. …”
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Flexural Strength and Ductility of a Concrete Filled Steel Tube Beam with Different Layouts by Kamaran Shekha Abdullah, Abbas H. Mohammed, Ilyani akmar Abu Bakar, Shwaz Hashim Noori, Meer Mariwan Omar

“…This underscores the significance of using thicker plates and concrete to enhance structural integrity and durability. Notably, rectangular CFSTs demonstrated a 91.84% increase in strength, while circular beams showed greater deflection resistance, highlighting the importance of careful material selection and design choices in structural engineering to optimize performance and resilience under stress.…”
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Miniaturized low-profile filtering omnidirectional antenna design by Wang Lili, Xu Yani, Gao Zhiyong, Zhang Heng

“…The bandpass filter is etched at the feeder position of the microstrip patch antenna, and the frequency selection filter function is introduced. A transverse rectangular patch is added at the front end of the input feeder to achieve good impedance matching of the whole system. …”
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Parametric analysis of wing planforms to determine an optimal wing design by Manish Kumar Chauhan, Mayur Zope, Srinivasa Rao Gorrepati

“… In designing of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), selection of an optimal wing design is a crucial part of complete UAV design process. …”
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All-Fiber LITES Sensor Based on Hollow-Core Anti-Resonant Fiber and Self-Designed Low-Frequency Quartz Tuning Fork by Xiaorong Sun, Weipeng Chen, Ying He, Haiyue Sun, Shunda Qiao, Yufei Ma

“…Additionally, a self-designed rectangular-tip QTF with a low resonant frequency of 8.69 kHz was employed to improve the sensor’s detection performance. …”
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Convolutional Neural Decoder for Surface Codes by Hyunwoo Jung, Inayat Ali, Jeongseok Ha

“…In particular, the proposed algorithm takes advantage of the syndrome pattern, which is represented as a part of a rectangular lattice given to the CNN as its input. The remaining part of the rectangular lattice is filled with a carefully selected incoherent value for better logical error rate performance. …”
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Analytical Investigation of DNA Hybridization Sensing Using Integrated Photonic Micro-Ring Resonators by Shalini Vardhan, Ritu Raj Singh

“…This work presents a passive sensing approach using optical resonators, designed to detect malignant diseases within a refractive index (RI) range of 1 to 1.5. …”
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Scattering of Electric Field from Leaky Coaxial Cable in Confined Area by Asad Saleem, Min Wang, Guoxin Zheng

“…The new radiation model for the electric field scattering of single leaky coaxial cable (LCX) being a transmitting antenna in the rectangular blind zone at 1.8 GHz is reported. The effect of varying the receiving antenna distance from the LCX on the fluctuation of radiated field using Ray-Tracing Method is examined. …”
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Indoor positioning system for wireless sensor networks based on two-stage fuzzy inference by Chia-Hsin Cheng, Yi Yan

“…Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed two-stage fuzzy rectangular splitting outperforms non-fuzzy-based algorithms, including K-Nearest Neighbors–based localization, and traditional triangular splitting schemes. …”
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Practical and privacy-preserving geo-social-based POI recommendation by Qi Xu, Hui Zhu, Yandong Zheng, Fengwei Wang, Le Gao

“…Then, we apply BGV fully homomorphic encryption to design some private algorithms, including a private max/min operation algorithm, a private rectangular set operation algorithm, and a private rectangular overlapping detection algorithm. …”
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Compact Waveguide Antenna Design for 77 GHz High-Resolution Radar by Chin-Hsien Wu, Tsun-Che Huang, Malcolm Ng Mou Kehn

“…Strong gains and narrow beamwidths of highly directive radiation beams afford longer detection range and finer spatial selectivity. Although conventionally used, patch antennas suffer from intrinsic path losses that are much higher when compared to the waveguide antenna. …”
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Trajectory Optimization with Dynamic Drivable Corridor-Based Collision Avoidance by Weijie Wang, Tantan Zhang, Zihan Song, Haipeng Liu

“…However, the DC construction process involves repetitive collision detection, leading to an increased computational burden. …”
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Effects of Low- and High-Frequency Side Bands of Notched Noise on Masking and Auditory Filter Shape at Very High Frequencies by Monika KORDUS, Borys KOWALEWSKI

“…The experiment consisted of three conditions in which the following values were determined: (I) the detection threshold for a 10-kHz probe tone in the presence of a noise masker presented below the tone’s frequency; (II) the level of a noise masker presented above the 10-kHz probe tone frequency, at which the masker just masked the probe tone, (III) the detection threshold for a probe tone in the presence of a notched-noise masker. …”
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