Comparative analysis of stomatal pore instance segmentation: Mask R-CNN vs. YOLOv8 on Phenomics Stomatal dataset by Thanh Tuan Thai, Thanh Tuan Thai, Thanh Tuan Thai, Ki-Bon Ku, Anh Tuan Le, Anh Tuan Le, San Su Min Oh, Ngo Hoang Phan, Ngo Hoang Phan, In-Jung Kim, Yong Suk Chung, Yong Suk Chung

“…A novel dataset specifically tailored for stomata pore instance segmentation, named PhenomicsStomata, was introduced. This dataset posed challenges such as low resolution and image imperfections, prompting the application of advanced preprocessing techniques, including image enhancement using the Lucy-Richardson Algorithm. …”
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Development of a Paper-Based Microfluidic Chip for Point-of-Care Detection of PEDV by Renfeng Li, Xiangqin Tian, Wenyan Cao, Jiaxin Jiang, Jiakang Yuan, Linyue Li, Yonghe You, Yanlin Zhou, Ziliang Wang, Fangyu Wang

“…PEDV poses a significant threat to the global swine industry, necessitating rapid and accurate diagnostic methods for effective disease management. …”
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Green Pre-Treatment Strategy Using Ionic Liquid-Based Aqueous Two-Phase Systems for Pesticide Determination in Strawberry Samples by Ana Jocić, Slađana Marić, Danijela Tekić, Jasmina Mušović, Jelena Milićević, Sanja Živković, Aleksandra Dimitrijević

“…Pesticides used in agriculture can contaminate foods like fruits and vegetables, posing health risks to consumers and highlighting the need for effective residue monitoring. …”
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Lifespan music training experience changes duration and transition rates of EEG microstates related to working memory by Yan Li, Sijia Guo, Jiaxian Chen, Liangfeng Feng, Haoyu Bian, Yuxin Chen, Hua Yang, Jing Lu

“…Objective Aging-related compensatory scaffolding has been suggested to appear in the prefrontal regions in response to challenges posed by declines in working memory and inhibitory control associated with age. …”
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An Improved Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) Algorithm for Intent Recognition of Transfemoral Amputees With Powered Knee Prosthesis by Yao Zhang, Xu Wang, Haohua Xiu, Wei Chen, Yongxin Ma, Guowu Wei, Lei Ren, Luquan Ren

“…To overcome the challenges posed by the complex structure and large parameter requirements of existing classification models, the authors propose an improved extreme learning machine (ELM) classifier for human locomotion intent recognition in this study, resulting in enhanced classification accuracy. …”
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Enabling Predication of the Deep Learning Algorithms for Low-Dose CT Scan Image Denoising Models: A Systematic Literature Review by Muhammad Zubair, Helmi B. Md Rais, Fasee Ullah, Qasem Al-Tashi, Muhammad Faheem, Arfat Ahmad Khan

“…However, the electromagnetic radiation emitted during CT scans poses health risks, potentially leading to the development of metabolic abnormalities and genetic disorders, which increase the risk of cancer. …”
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Responses of steppe birds to habitat fragmentation: Insights from niche specialization and functional traits by Zheng Han, Xi Yang, Lishi Zhang, Piotr Tryjanowski, Frédéric Jiguet, Haitao Wang

“…Habitat fragmentation poses a significant threat to bird communities, especially those in open and semi-open ecosystems such as steppes. …”
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Analysing fluid flow and heat transfer comparatively in flow passage systems: Evaluating thermal impacts and geometric configurations by Farhan Lafta Rashid, Asseel M.Rasheed Al-Gaheeshi, Mudhar A. Al-Obaidi, Hayder I. Mohammed, Hussein Togun, Ephraim Bonah Agyekum

“…This research thoroughly examines heat transfer and fluid flow in a passage flow system, highlighting the difficulties posed by different geometric arrangements and temperature conditions that may affect the system's performance. …”
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Seabed Liquefaction Risk Assessment Based on Wave Spectrum Characteristics: A Case Study of the Yellow River Subaqueous Delta, China by Hongan Sun, Jishang Xu, Zhenhuan Tian, Lulu Qiao, Zhixing Luan, Yaxin Zhang, Shaotong Zhang, Xingmin Liu, Guangxue Li

“…Seabed liquefaction induced by wave loading poses considerable risks to marine structures and requires careful consideration in marine engineering design and construction. …”
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An analytical approach to modeling conjunctival viral disease using fuzzy logic and time-delay dynamics by Muhammad Tashfeen, Hothefa Shaker Jassim, Fazal Dayan, Muhammad Azizur Rehman, Alwahab Dhulfiqar Zoltán, Husam A. Neamah

“…Highly contagious in settings involving close contact, it poses significant public health and economic concerns. …”
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Effect of acupuncture on endometrial receptivity in women with thin endometrium: study protocol for a single-centre, randomised, sham-controlled trial by Xin Liu, Li Yang, Xiaoyan Wang, Huanfang Xu, Yigong Fang, Pengfei Du, Chenchen Su, Jiashan Li, Weixin Li, Tian Hang, Yaoyao Zhu

“…Introduction Thin endometrium poses a major therapeutic challenge in assisted reproductive technologies by compromising pregnancy success and live birth outcomes. …”
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Design and Implementation of a Perfect Optical Vortex Sorter Using a Binary Dammann Grating by Redha H. Al Ibrahim, Shuiqin Zheng, Tien Khee Ng, Boon S. Ooi

“…POV beams, crucial for applications in communication and quantum systems, have traditionally posed challenges in sorting due to crosstalk and fabrication limitations. …”
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Laparoscopic Bladder Neck Wedge Resection with Preservation of the Posterior Urethral Bed Versus Transurethral Resection of the Bladder Neck for Refractory Bladder Neck Contracture... by Zhize Wang, Jiayidaer Dannier, Yeqing Mao, Nieying Ma, Lugeng He, Sihai Shao, Jianjun Yu

“…Background and objective: Refractory bladder neck contracture (BNC) poses significant challenges after transurethral resection of the prostate. …”
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Characteristics and pollution indices of leachates from municipal solid waste landfills in Iranian metropolises and their implications for MSW management by Mohammad Hossien Saghi, Hojjat Nadimi, Akbar Eslami, Seyed Nadali Alavi Bakhtiarvand, Ali Oghazyan, Somayeh Setoudeh, Mohammad Sadegh Sargolzaei

“…Abstract Leachate from municipal solid waste landfills poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems due to poor management practices. …”
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Challenges of drilling Iran’s deepest surface hole in the saddle section of Changuleh oilfield with complex structure and pressure regimes by Emad Jamshidi, Sine Saen, Jamshid Golshaghagh, Pooria Kianoush, Ahmad Adib, Ahmadreza Mohammadi

“…While this rate indicates operational efficiency, it is important to note that the drilling team continuously managed various challenges, including maintaining wellbore stability and optimizing drilling parameters to mitigate potential drilling issues. The study highlights the importance of optimizing drilling fluid design and continuously monitoring wellbore stability to overcome challenges posed by complex geological formations. …”
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In situ epoxidation of hybrid waste cooking oil and oleic acid via peracid mechanism by Azmi Roslan, Mohd Jumain Jalil, Intan Suhada Azmi, Nabila Sofea Aznizam, Siti Aisyah Mustapha, Asiah Nusaibah Masri, Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak, Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei

“…Abstract The increasing generation of waste cooking oil (WCO) poses significant environmental challenges, making its valorization essential for sustainable waste management. …”
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Cultivating clean skies: unveiling the tapestry of air quality in Gujarat through innovative machine learning analysis by Gaddam Advitha, Allada Nagasai Varaprasad, Koti Vennela Khushi, Pullabhotla Vijay, Sukanta Nayak

“…This exceptional capability underscores the transformative potential of ML in addressing the complex challenges posed by air pollution. Leveraging the precise predictions of AQI values, these models can catalyze the development of robust early warning systems and guide policymaking endeavors directed at enhancing air quality. …”
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Oil extraction from Pterygoplichthys pardalis with Alcalase®2.4 L using Plackett-Burman experimental design by Andy J. Gómez-Valdéz, Rocío Meza-Gordillo, Miguel Abud-Archila, Guillermo E. Ovando-Chacón, Sandy L. Ovando-Chacón

“…Pterygoplichthys pardalis is an invasive species found in the rivers and lakes of southeastern Mexico, posing a challenge to the aquaculture industry. Current efforts aim to explore options for its utilization and valorization. …”
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Gaussian mixture autoencoder for uncertainty-aware damage identification in a floating offshore wind turbine by A. Fernandez-Navamuel, A. Fernandez-Navamuel, N. Gorostidi, N. Gorostidi, D. Pardo, D. Pardo, D. Pardo, V. Nava, E. Chatzi

“…The inverse operator (encoder) is a deep neural network that maps the measurable response to the parameters (means, variances, and weights) of a multivariate Gaussian mixture model. …”
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Spice Defense: Resistance, Capsaicin, and Photosynthesis in Diverse Capsicum Genotypes Under Root-Knot Nematode Stress by Kansiree Jindapunnapat, Pornthip Sroisai, Nichaphat Auangaree, Nawarat Pornsopin, Suchila Techawongstien, Tanyarat Tarinta

“…<i>Meloidogyne enterolobii</i> is an aggressive root-knot nematode that poses a significant threat to global chili (<i>Capsicum</i> spp.) production. …”
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