Application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in monitored anesthesia care during foraminoscopy: a randomized double-blind controlled trial by Shuhui Sun, Shuhui Sun, Lei Zhang, Dongdong Yu, Li Jiang, Ge Yang, Long Zhang, Yu Tian, Yu Tian, Chunxiao Xu, Chunxiao Xu, Dong Zhang

“…Additionally, by comparing different waveform stimulations, the electrical stimulation parameters can be further optimized.…”
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Scale dependency in modeling nivo-glacial hydrological systems: the case of the Arolla basin, Switzerland by A.-L. Argentin, P. Horton, B. Schaefli, J. Shokory, F. Pitscheider, L. Repnik, M. Gianini, S. Bizzi, S. N. Lane, F. Comiti, F. Comiti

“…<p>Hydrological modeling in alpine catchments poses unique challenges due to the complex interplay of meteorological, topographical, geological, and glaciological drivers with streamflow generation. …”
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Effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin A, D3, E, and garlic on heat detection, pregnancy rate, and serum profile in anestrus dairy cows by Shaolin Ferdouse, Md. Shahadat Hossain, Rumon Talukder, Md. Asaduzzaman Lovelu, Nahid Rahman, Sabuj Kanti Nath

“…Anestrus poses substantial challenges for dairy industries worldwide. …”
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Physiological and biochemical indicators in blood of captive yellow-cheeked gibbons and northern white-cheeked gibbons by Wanrong Song, Yujuan Hu, Minghao Cheng, Tianchun Pu, Wenhui Niu, Yizhuo Zhang, Xuefeng Liu, Yunsheng Wang, Yuguang Zhang, Jinpeng Liu, Yipeng Jin

“…However, the lack of established physiological and biochemical reference ranges currently poses substantial challenges to effective clinical assessment and disease identification in these primates. …”
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Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte and Platelet Score as a Novel Predictor of Mortality and Rebleeding in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding by Azapoğlu Kaymak B, Eksioglu M, Cimilli Öztürk T, Köroğlu M

“…Patient data, including demographics, vital signs, laboratory parameters, endoscopic findings, and clinical outcomes, were collected. …”
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Optimizing deep learning models to combat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease progression by Haoshen Qin, Lal Hussain, Ziang Liu, Xu Yan, Fuad A. Awwad, Faisal Mehmood Butt, Umair Ahmad Salaria, Emad A.A. Ismail

“…Objective Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating neurodegenerative disease, poses a significant challenge for targeted treatment development. …”
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Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles as a Smart Drug Delivery System for Peptide/Protein Delivery by Alharith A. A. Hassan, Eslam Ramadan, Katalin Kristó, Géza Regdon, Tamás Sovány

“…The efficient oral delivery of therapeutic proteins and peptides poses a tremendous challenge due to their inherent instability, large molecular size, and susceptibility to enzymatic degradation. …”
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IoT-based prediction model for aquaponic fish pond water quality using multiscale feature fusion with convolutional autoencoder and GRU networks by Suma Christal Mary Sundararajan, Yamini Bhavani Shankar, Sinthia Panneer Selvam, Nalini Manogaran, Koteeswaran Seerangan, Deepa Natesan, Shitharth Selvarajan

“…Insufficient knowledge about species selection poses a significant challenge in aquaponics farming, as it heavily relies on the water quality parameters. …”
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Predicting mechanical ventilation duration in ICU patients: A data-driven machine learning approach for clinical decision-making by Shivi Mendiratta, Vinay Gandhi Mukkelli, Esha Baidya Kayal, Puneet Khanna, Amit Mehndiratta

“…Background Mechanical ventilation is essential in intensive care units (ICUs) but poses risks such as ventilator-associated complications and high costs. …”
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Decoupled pixel-wise correction for abdominal multi-organ segmentation by Xiangchun Yu, Longjun Ding, Dingwen Zhang, Jianqing Wu, Miaomiao Liang, Jian Zheng, Wei Pang

“…These modules are designed to counteract the challenges posed by the high inter-class similarity among different organs when performing multi-organ segmentation. …”
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Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment of Sweden by N. Joshi, N. Joshi, B. Lund, B. Lund, R. Roberts, R. Roberts

“…<p>Assessing seismic hazard in stable continental regions such as Sweden poses unique challenges compared to active seismic regions. …”
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Construction and application of a digital twin model for multi-objectiveoptimization of intelligent tape conveyor system by Wei CHEN, Jingzhao LI, Qing SHI, Jichao LIU, Huashun LI

“…Issues include material adhesion, dust dispersion, and material spills, posing a direct impact on transportation safety and the effective utilization of energy. …”
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Influence of fermented whey protein fractions on the growth performance, haematological traits, serum biochemistry, faecal and caeca microbiota of broiler chickens by Bhagyashree Das, Mansi Desai, Nikesh J. Bhagora, Prakash Koringa, Mohsin Pathan, J. C. Thakor, Fulabhai P. Savaliya, Shaikh Adil, Subrota Hati

“…FWP had no significant impact on various blood parameters but influenced leukocytes and platelets. …”
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A Real Time Coordinated Hydro Governor With Dual STATCOM for Low Frequency Oscillation Damping Using Hybrid Mean DE &#x0026; TVAPSO by Samarjeet Satapathy, Narayan Nahak, Renu Sharma

“…Low frequency oscillations in power grid poses several challenges to operators and need to be damped at earlier stage to maintain stability of power system. …”
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Modeling methylene blue removal using magnetic chitosan carboxymethyl cellulose multiwalled carbon nanotube composite with genetic algorithms and regression techniques by Mahmood Yousefi, Saeid Fallahizadeh, Yosra Maleki, Amir Sheikhmohammadi, Alieh Rezagholizade-shirvan

“…Abstract The purpose of this study was to model and optimize the removal of methylene blue using a novel magnetic chitosan-carboxymethyl cellulose/multiwalled carbon nanotubes and to identify the most significant parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency. Genetic Algorithm and other statistically advanced techniques such as Gradient Boosting Regressor, and Maximum Likelihood Estimation were used to extract the necessary process parameters and the factors that posed a major impact on the adsorption efficiency. …”
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Modeling of a Novel T-Core Sensor with an Air Gap for Applications in Eddy Current Nondestructive Evaluation by Siquan Zhang

“…Multi-layer conductive structures, especially those with features like bolt holes, are vulnerable to hidden corrosion and cracking, posing a serious threat to equipment integrity. Early defect detection is vital for implementing effective maintenance strategies. …”
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Enhancing Wheat Tolerance to Cadmium Stress through Moringa Leaf Extract Foliar Application by Muhammad Hafeez ul Rehman Khursheed, Muhammad Shahbaz, Tahrim Ramzan, Arslan Haider, Muhammad Faisal Maqsood, Arbaz Khan, Usman Zulfiqar, Muhammad Jamil, Sadam Hussain, Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Humaira Rizwana

“…Cadmium, a hazardous heavy metal prevalent in plants and soil, poses a significant threat to human health, particularly as approximately 60% of the global population consumes wheat, which can accumulate high levels of Cd through its roots. …”
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Wearable device-based interventions in heat-exposed outdoor workers — a scoping review and an explanatory intervention model by Julian Friedrich, Teresa S. Schick, Filip Mess, Simon Blaschke

“…Abstract Background Global climate change poses a challenge to the health prevention of heat-exposed outdoor workers. …”
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Maximum Penalized-Likelihood Structured Covariance Estimation for Imaging Extended Objects, with Application to Radio Astronomy by Aaron Lanterman

“…Image formation in radio astronomy is often posed as a problem of constructing a nonnegative function from sparse samples of its Fourier transform. …”
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Study on extended reality enhancement technology in 5G-Advanced by XIAO Yang

“…In addition, the challenges posed by extended reality services to the 5G-Advance network were explored. …”
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