The impact of uterine manipulator assistance on intraoperative exposure and outcomes in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery by Mehmet Karahan, Emre Mat, Cemal Hacıalioğlu, Metin Kement, Selçuk Kaya, Hasan Fehmi Küçük, Özer Birge

“…Abstract Background Laparoscopic rectal surgery in female patients poses challenges due to limited pelvic space and obstructing reproductive structures. …”
Get full text

Investigation into Bayesian inversion techniques for estimating mineral particle size distribution and abundance utilizing hyperspectral data by Dongxu Han, Chengbao Liu, Peng Zhang, Wanyue Liu, Ziwei Tian, Shijing He, Ziyi Zhang, Mingze Ma

“…However, the issue of spectral variability poses challenges to its inversion. The physically based Hapke model takes into account the influences of factors such as observation geometry and grain size. …”
Get full text

Backdoor Attack to Giant Model in Fragment-Sharing Federated Learning by Senmao Qi, Hao Ma, Yifei Zou, Yuan Yuan, Zhenzhen Xie, Peng Li, Xiuzhen Cheng

“…To efficiently train the billions of parameters in a giant model, sharing the parameter-fragments within the Federated Learning (FL) framework has become a popular pattern, where each client only trains and shares a fraction of parameters, extending the training of giant models to the broader resources-constrained scenarios. …”
Get full text

Towards Thin Calcium Metal Anodes—An Essential Component for High-Energy-Density Calcium Batteries by Christoph Kiesl, Reinhard Böck, Holger Kaßner, Joachim Häcker, Marco Kögel, Timo Sörgel, Şeniz Sörgel

“…However, the fabrication of thin anodes poses technical challenges which often result in using excessively thick metal anodes in batteries. …”
Get full text

A new method for preparing high-quality and fatigue-resistant divertor W/Cu joints by Nanyu Mou, Qianqian Lin, Mingchi Feng, Shuai Huang, Le Han, Damao Yao

“…Due to the insolubility between W and Cu and the inability to generate intermetallic compounds, connecting W and Cu poses a considerable challenge. In this study, a casting assisted vacuum hot pressing (VHP) method is adopted to join W and Cu, and the process parameters are optimized. …”
Get full text

Impact of ISTA and FISTA iterative optimization algorithms on electrical impedance tomography image reconstruction by Nguyen Diep Quoc Tuan, Huynh Hoang Nhut, Ven Huynh Thanh, Cao Dinh Minh Quan, Tran Anh Tu, Tran Trung Nghia

“…The inverse problem associated with EIT is nonlinear and ill-posed, leading to low spatial resolution reconstructions. …”
Get full text

Groundwater quality assessed using water quality indices and geostatistical methods in the Thiaroye aquifer, Senegal by E. Y. T. Benam-Beltoungou, I. Bassene, H. C. Emvoutou, K. V. Akpataku, D. M. L. Diongue, S. Faye

“…Hence, the study site is at an alarming stage of groundwater quality deterioration, posing a potential public health risk.…”
Get full text

Parametric-modeling-based multi-objective thermoelastic optimization of rudder structures by Shi Guanghui, Bao Yuhao, Wu Wenhua, Guo Guiqiang, Lin Ye, Zhang Xiaopeng, Tao Ran

“…Lightweight optimization of rudder structures subjected to thermo-mechanical coupling is essential for high-speed aircraft but poses significant challenges. Therefore, this paper proposes an enhanced multi-objective thermoelastic optimization method for rudder structures. …”
Get full text

Effect of Salt Stress on Germination and Early Seedling Growth in Lentil by Varalakshmi, Arpita Das, Sudip Bhattacharya, Krishnendu Pramanik, B. K. Senapati

“…Salinity poses a significant challenge to crop productivity worldwide, affecting various physiological and metabolic pathways in crops like lentils, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions where lentils are commonly cultivated. …”
Get full text

Methodological issues in economic evaluations of emergency transport systems in low-income and middle-income countries by Dmitri Nepogodiev, Richard Lilford, Samuel I Watson, Alan J Girling, Peter Diggle, Peter J Chilton, Mark Sculpher, Darius Erlangga

“…In addition, we found no articles dealing with the methodological challenges posed by such studies in low-income or middle-income countries. …”
Get full text

Autocorrelation Matrix Knowledge Distillation: A Task-Specific Distillation Method for BERT Models by Kai Zhang, Jinqiu Li, Bingqian Wang, Haoran Meng

“…However, their large number of parameters poses significant challenges for edge devices with limited resources, greatly limiting their application in practical deployment. …”
Get full text

CGADNet: A Lightweight, Real-Time, and Robust Crosswalk and Guide Arrow Detection Network for Complex Scenes by Guangxing Wang, Tao Lin, Xiwei Dong, Longchun Wang, Qingming Leng, Seong-Yoon Shin

“…In the context of edge environments with constrained resources, realizing real-time and robust crosswalk and guide arrow detection poses a significant challenge for autonomous driving systems. …”
Get full text

Electrophysiological-based automatic subgroups diagnosis of patients with chronic dysimmune polyneuropathies by Sara Ballanti, Piergiuseppe Liuzzi, Paolo Luca Mattiolo, Maenia Scarpino, Sabrina Matà, Bahia Hakiki, Francesca Cecchi, Calogero Maria Oddo, Andrea Mannini, Antonello Grippo

“…Their identification is crucial for determining the most suitable treatment options, yet it poses significant challenges. In this study, an electrophysiological-based automatic classification through machine learning models is proposed. …”
Get full text

A Lightweight Method for Road Defect Detection in UAV Remote Sensing Images with Complex Backgrounds and Cross-Scale Fusion by Wenya Zhang, Xiang Li, Lina Wang, Danfei Zhang, Pengfei Lu, Lei Wang, Chuanxiang Cheng

“…The accuracy of road damage detection models based on UAV remote sensing images is generally low, mainly due to the challenges posed by the complex background of road damage, diverse forms, and necessary computational requirements. …”
Get full text

Assessment of Radionuclide Concentrations in Catfish and Tilapia fish from Asa-Dam Ilorin, North-central Nigeria by M. M. Orosun, Q. T. Lawal, E. O. Ehinlafa, G. B. Egbeyale, G. O. Okwajebi, A. D. Adewuyi

“…The results of all the radiological parameters estimated showed trends that are generally low, hence, poses no significant radiological health burden.   …”
Get full text

ASICs in PET: what we have and what we need by Vanessa Nadig, Stefan Gundacker, Katrin Herweg, Stephan Naunheim, David Schug, Bjoern Weissler, Volkmar Schulz

“…Methods In this paper, we evaluate the requirements posed to readout electronics in the field of PET, give an overview of the most important ASICs available for PET applications and discuss how to characterize their essential features and performance parameters. …”
Get full text

Methodology for Assessing the Impact of the Diffusion of blockchain Technologies on the Development of the National Economic system (illustrated by the example of the Russian Econo... by L. A. El’shin, V. V. Banderov, A. A. Abdukaeva

“…The developed and approved methods for the formalized assessment of the impact of blockchain technologies on the dynamics of economic growth create the basis for clarifying methodological approaches to the study of the problem posed, open up new opportunities for holding discussion platforms on this topic.…”
Get full text

Application of chemometric analysis using physicochemical and chromatographic data to differentiate the origin of plant protection products containing trinexapac-ethyl by Patrycja Marczewska, Joanna Rolnik, Tomasz Stobiecki

“…The European market for plant protection products (PPPs) faces significant challenges related to counterfeit and substandard PPPs, posing threats to sustainable agriculture and food safety. …”
Get full text

Integrated irrigation of water and fertilizer with superior self-correcting fuzzy PID control system. by Wanjun Zhang, Jingsheng Tong, Feng Zhang, Wanliang Zhang, Jingxuan Zhang, Jingyi Zhang, Jingyan Zhang, Honghong Sun, Derek O Northwood, Kristian E Waters, Hao Ma

“…To tackle challenges posed by uncertain variables (e.g., time-varying soil permeability) and nonlinear parameters resistant to precise mathematical modeling, this research integrates fuzzy logic with an online self-correcting mechanism, constructs a mathematical model for the integrated control system, designs real-time correction rules, and validates the model through simulations using Matlab/Simulink and a semi-physical PC platform. …”
Get full text

Assessment of addiction behavior and spermatogenesis in glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-treated cannabis-addicted rats: An experimental study by Rozhina Laleh, Mitra Heydari Nasrabadi, Parvin Khodarahmi, Jamshid Soltani

“… Background: Cannabis addiction poses risks to male fertility by lowering levels of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which is vital for spermatogenesis. …”
Get full text