Diminished water yield coefficient of glacial catchments in Northwest China by Jing Liu, Aihua Long, Mingjiang Deng, Qiang An, Xiaoya Deng, Zhenliang Yin, Pei Zhang, Xiaoying Lai, Xinchen Gu

“…Glacier retreat and increased vegetation greenness adversely affected WYc by increasing the catchment parameter, with effects of −26.42 % and −25.21 %, respectively. …”
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Frequency-Constrained Economic Dispatch of Microgrids Considering Frequency Response Performance by Zhigang Wu, Chuyue Chen, Danyang Xu, Lin Guan

“…The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) has reduced the inertia and reserve levels of microgrids, posing challenges to frequency security during power imbalances. …”
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Rectifying Adversarial Examples Using Their Vulnerabilities by Fumiya Morimoto, Ryuto Morita, Satoshi Ono

“…AEs are minimally perturbed input data undetectable to humans posing significant risks to security-dependent applications. …”
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New Method for High Water Pressure Tunnel Design Based on Machine Learning for Smart Grid Energy Management and Groundwater Environmental Balance by Xiaoming You, Gongxing Yan, Zhengqiang Yang

“…The problems of large buried depth and high water pressure have posed major challenges to the safety of segmented structures. …”
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Automatic Identification Model for Landslide Disaster Using Remote Sensing Images Based on Improved Multiresunet by Zhenyu Zhao, Shucheng Tan, Qinghua Zhang, Hui Chen

“…Despite significant progress in semantic segmentation achieved by convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the local sensory field of CNNs poses difficulties in differentiating between landslides and bare surfaces. …”
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Shadow Economy: Determinants and Its Impact on Foreign Direct Investment by Unggul Heriqbaldi, Salwaa Fauziyyah Jatmiko

“…The shadow economy poses a significant threat to government revenue and the effectiveness of economic policies. …”
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The effects of photosynthetic rate on respiration in light, starch/sucrose partitioning, and other metabolic fluxes within photosynthesis by Yuan Xu, Joshua A. M. Kaste, Sean E. Weise, Yair Shachar-Hill, Thomas D. Sharkey

“…However, measuring R L under high light and high CO2 (HLHC) conditions poses challenges using traditional gas exchange methods. …”
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LSOD-YOLOv8: Enhancing YOLOv8n with New Detection Head and Lightweight Module for Efficient Cigarette Detection by Yijie Huang, Huimin Ouyang, Xiaodong Miao

“…However, detecting such small objects poses significant challenges due to their size and limited feature points. …”
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Seawater Tolerance of the Beach Bean <i>Vigna marina</i> (Burm.) Merrill in Comparison with Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>) and Adzuki Bean (<i>Vigna angularis</i>) by Andi Septiana, Shiori P. Nakamura, Riko F. Naomasa, Hideo Yamasaki

“…Seawater intrusion into soils caused by global climate change and tsunami disasters is a significant factor contributing to soil salinization in coastal vegetation areas, posing a critical threat to agriculture and food security. …”
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Coupling SAR and optical remote sensing data for soil moisture retrieval over dense vegetation covered areas. by Jiahao Shi, Huan Yang, Xinli Hou, Honglu Zhang, Guozhong Tang, Heng Zhao, Fuqiang Wang

“…Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is sensitive to soil moisture, but the effects of vegetation on SAR signals poses challenges for soil moisture retrieval in areas covered with vegetation. …”
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Falciparum malaria transmission in Masvingo district, Zimbabwe: a mathematical model with varying human and mosquito populations by Taremba Chirigo, Esther Chigidi, Herbert Tafadzwa Kazonda

“…Introduction: Malaria significantly and disproportionately affects people`s quality of life especially the underprivileged and vulnerable. It poses a serious public health threat despite prevention and control efforts. …”
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Integrating Radon/Thoron and Gamma Radiation Exposure for a Realistic Estimation of Dose Arising from Building Materials by Mirsina M. Aghdam, Quentin Crowley

“…Long-term exposure to radon, thoron, and gamma radiation from building materials poses a significant health risk to occupants. Current methods for estimating radiation doses often fail to consider the combined impact of these sources. …”
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Application of CIPP flipped lining method in the rehabilitation of old gas pipelines by You Yun, Wang xinxin, Wang Zhongyi, Wang Yuyan, Chen Hao

“…Realizing the comprehensive excavation, demolition, and replacement of old pipes with new ones poses pain points such as high construction difficulty, repair costs, and uncertainty of routing construction planning. …”
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Simulated Annealing-Based Hyperparameter Optimization of a Convolutional Neural Network for MRI Brain Tumor Classification by Sofia El Amoury, Youssef Smili, Youssef Fakhri

“…Brain tumor classification poses significant challenges in medical imaging, largely due to the heterogeneity and structural complexity of tumors. …”
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Development of model representations of thermal reaction viscoelastic bodies on the temperature field by E. M. Kartashov

“…Intensive cooling modes can be equally considered. The task is posed: to develop model representations of dynamic (quasi-static) thermoviscoelasticity that allow accurate analytical solutions of the corresponding boundary value problems on their basis. …”
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A Crossover Adjustment Method Considering the Beam Incident Angle for a Multibeam Bathymetric Survey Based on USV Swarms by Qiang Yuan, Weiming Xu, Shaohua Jin, Tong Sun

“…Secondly, an asymmetric quadratic surface correction model was established by incorporating the BIA as a key parameter. A dynamic weight matrix ω = 1/(1 + 0.5<i>θ</i>²) was introduced to suppress edge beam errors, combined with Tikhonov regularization to resolve ill-posed matrix issues. …”
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A new method of shale oil facies element logging evaluation and its application in Dongying Sag by GUAN Qianqian,JIANG Long,CHENG Ziyan,ZHANG Diandong,WANG Yunhe,ZHANG Fan

“…This methodology addresses the challenges posed by complex lithology, limited logging resolution, incomplete special logging data, and inadequate Total Organic Carbon（TOC）model accuracy. …”
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FREEDOM OF THE INFORMATION SPACE. IS IT A REALITY OR ILLUSION? by Elena V. Korableva

“…Scientific novelty reflected in the correlation of real human freedom posed by the technological capabilities of the time, and the imaginary freedom that can undermine the stability of the information society on a number of basic directions of its development. …”
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PHRF-RTDETR: a lightweight weed detection method for upland rice based on RT-DETR by Xianjin Jin, Jinheng Zhang, Fei Wang, Mengyan Zhao, Yunshuang Wang, Jianping Yang, Jinfeng Wu, Bing Zhou

“…IntroductionWeed poses a greater threat to rice yield and quality in upland environments compared to paddy fields. …”
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An Interpretable Model for Salinity Inversion Assessment of the South Bank of the Yellow River Based on Optuna Hyperparameter Optimization and XGBoost by Xia Liu, Yu Hu, Xiang Li, Ruiqi Du, Youzhen Xiang, Fucang Zhang

“…Soil salinization is a serious land degradation phenomenon, posing a severe threat to regional agricultural resource utilization and sustainable development. …”
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