Linguistic biomarkers of dementia in Italian patients living in Lombardy: insights from NLP analysis by Maria Letizia Piccini Bianchessi, Gloria Gagliardi

“… Nowadays, dementia poses a major challenge for healthcare services, with consequences on both the economic and the organizational front. …”
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The prediction method for ground surface settlement of pipe jacking tunnels based on a spatiotemporal transfer learning network by Hairong Huang, Lian Yuan, Jian Chen, Shixia Zhang

“…Surface settlement induced by ground disturbances during pipe-jacking tunnel construction poses a persistent risk, with progressive deformation potentially leading to surrounding structural collapse. …”
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Early warning signs for tipping points in systems with non-Gaussian $$\alpha$$ -stable noise by Lucia S. Layritz, Anja Rammig, Ilya Pavlyukevich, Christian Kuehn

“…We here show that for systems driven by non-Gaussian, $$\alpha$$ -stable noise, the classical early warning signs of rising variance and autocorrelation are not supported by mathematical theory, and their use poses the danger of spurious, false-positive results. …”
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Entropy correction and phase transition of n-dimensional charged dilaton dS black holes by Hui-Hua Zhao, Yun-Zhi Du, Yu-Bo Ma

“…Abstract The manifest disparity in Hawking radiation temperatures between black hole and cosmological horizons in de Sitter (dS) spacetime reveals a non-equilibrium thermal configuration, inherently violating thermodynamic stability criteria. This asymmetry poses significant challenges to the systematic analysis of dS thermodynamics. …”
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A Frequency Domain-Enhanced Transformer for Nighttime Object Detection by Yaru Li, Li Shen

“…Nighttime object detection poses significant challenges due to low illumination, noise, and reduced contrast, which can severely impact the performance of standard detection models. …”
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Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of mechanical treatment of root canals by various Ni-Ti file systems by O. A. Antonova, V. A. Voinova, Yu. A. Mitronin

“…А large number of various rotary Ni-Ti files in the dental market poses a difficult choice for the doctor, especially in the context of import substitution. …”
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Aberrant Responding in Hypothesis Testing: A Threat to Validity or Source of Insight? by Georgios Sideridis, Mohammed H. Alghamdi

“…Aberrant responding poses a significant challenge in measurement and validity, often distorting well-established relationships between psychological and educational constructs. …”
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Direct Solution of Inverse Steady-State Heat Transfer Problems by Improved Coupled Radial Basis Function Collocation Method by Chunting Yuan, Chao Zhang, Yaoming Zhang

“…The ICRBF methodology addresses three key limitations of traditional RBF frameworks: (1) it resolves the persistent issue of shape parameter selection in global RBF methods; (2) it inherently produces well-posed linear systems that can be solved directly, avoiding the need for the regularization typically required in inverse problems; and (3) it delivers superior accuracy compared to existing approaches. …”
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Attenuation of the First-Cycle Peak Response to an Impulse Disturbance by Abasiodiong Jackson, Simon Fletcher, Andrew Longstaff

“…However, this approach may not adequately address situations where the initial peak response of the vibration poses a risk of damage. This paper presents a novel application of active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) for attenuating the first-cycle peak response of free vibration in flexible structures. …”
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Research on the Impact of Gate Engineering on Seawater Exchange Capacity by Mingchang Li, Xinran Jiang, Aizhen Liu

“…Due to complex shoreline geometries, these areas suffer from disturbed hydrodynamic conditions, weak water exchange, which quickly leads to sediment accumulation, and difficulty maintaining ecological water levels, posing serious environmental threats. Enhancing seawater exchange capacity and achieving coordinated optimization of exchange efficiency and ecological water level are critical prerequisites for the environmental restoration of eutrophic enclosed coastal areas. …”
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DM_CorrMatch: a semi-supervised semantic segmentation framework for rapeseed flower coverage estimation using UAV imagery by Jie Li, Chengyong Zhu, Chenbo Yang, Quan Zheng, Binhui Wang, Jingmin Tu, Qian Zhang, Sheng Liu, Xinfa Wang, Jiangwei Qiao

“…Abstract Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) inflorescence coverage is a crucial phenotypic parameter for assessing crop growth and estimating yield. …”
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Modelo matemático para el cálculo de las transmisiones Sinfín cilíndricas. // Mathematical model for worm gear calculation. by B. Calixto Sirene, J. Llamos Soris, L. Otero Pereiro

“…<p>Durante la reconversión de reductores Sinfín se presentan diversas situaciones como resultado de los parámetros<br />geométricos de la transmisión que son determinado en un elemento que posee desgaste, como se pretende restaurar las<br />cualidades de servicio de un par dentado, se precisa obtener la geometría original de los elementos engranados. …”
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Utilizing an Enhanced YOLOv8 Model for Fishery Detection by Hanyu Jiang, Jiacheng Zhong, Fuyu Ma, Cheng Wang, Ruiwen Yi

“…These organisms are often obscured by various obstacles, and there are varying degrees of overlap between them, posing substantial challenges for underwater object detection using deep learning methods. …”
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UVA-induced weathering of microplastics in seawater: surface property transformations and kinetics by Liu Gao, Liu Gao, Liu Gao, Liu Gao, Yuanyuan Su, Yuanyuan Su, Tariq Mehmood, Zezheng Wang, Licheng Peng, Licheng Peng, Naiming Zhang, Naiming Zhang

“…During environmental migration, large plastic fragments can undergo degradation into microplastics (MPs), posing a significant threat to ecosystems. A research gap exists in understanding how MPs age in complex environments. …”
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Landslide Displacement Prediction Model Based on Optimal Decomposition and Deep Attention Mechanism by Shuai Ren, Kamarul Hawari Ghazali, Yuanfa Ji, Samra Urooj Khan

“…However, the highly nonlinear and complex nature of landslide displacement poses significant challenges for accurate prediction. …”
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BiAF: research on dynamic goat herd detection and tracking based on machine vision by Yun Hou, Mingjuan Han, Wei Fan, Xinyu Jia, Zhuo Gong, Ding Han

“…Traditional methods, such as manual tracking and wearable monitoring, often disrupt the natural movement and feeding behaviors of grazing livestock, posing significant challenges for in-depth studies of grazing patterns. …”
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Immune cell aberrations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: navigating the targeted therapies toward precision management by YuXian Wu, Wangzheqi Zhang, Yan Liao, Ting Sun, Yang Liu, Yaoyang Liu

“…While patient heterogeneity poses challenges for universal therapeutic efficacy, emerging strategies integrating molecular endotyping and cellular biomarkers hold promise for overcoming these limitations. …”
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Comparative development and evaluation of Fe–N–C electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: The effect of pyrolysis and iron-bipyridine structures by Georgios Charalampopoulos, Maria K. Daletou

“…However, the reliance on unsustainable platinum-based electrocatalysts used at the electrodes poses challenges to the commercial viability of PEMFCs. …”
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Autotrophic vs. heterotrophic microalgae: Juxtaposition of performances in treating organic-rich effluent by Setyo Budi Kurniawan, Mária Čížková, Azmi Ahmad, Yudha Gusti Wibowo, Nor Sakinah Mohd Said, Hajjar Hartini Wan Jusoh, Azimah Ismail, Muhammad Fauzul Imron

“…Heterotrophic cultures showed better parameter removal performances, especially carbon-related and N-related compounds, while the removal of P-related compounds is considerably similar. …”
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Hysteresis Modeling of Soft Pneumatic Actuators: An Experimental Review by Jesús de la Morena, Francisco Ramos, Andrés S. Vázquez

“…Hysteresis is a nonlinear phenomenon found in many physical systems, including soft viscoelastic actuators, where it poses significant challenges to their application and performance. …”
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