Applications of mutagenesis methods on affinity maturation of antibodies in vitro by LIU Yuan, LIN Manman, ZHANG Xiao, XU Chongxin, JIAO Linxia, ZHONG Jianfeng, WU Aihua, LIU Xianjin

“…In site-directed mutagenesis, selected residues are targeted to be mutated. The most common sites for mutation are the CDR regions which directly contact with antigen. …”
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Historic and contemporary selection define conservation units for a short-range endemic within an anthropogenically-altered riverscape by Zachery D. Zbinden, Tyler K. Chafin, Jeremy S. Tiemann, David R. Edds, Bradley T. Martin, Jordan Hofmeier, Michael E. Douglas, Marlis R. Douglas

“…Flow regulation/fragmentation were identified as the most strongly associated of eight environmental variables. …”
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Multi-channel spatio-temporal graph attention contrastive network for brain disease diagnosis by Chaojun Li, Kai Ma, Shengrong Li, Xiangshui Meng, Ran Wang, Daoqiang Zhang, Qi Zhu

“…Meantime, it remains a challenge to utilize the structure connectivity prior in the DBNs analysis. …”
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Simulating the Role of Biogeochemical Hotspots in Driving Nitrogen Export From Dryland Watersheds by Jianning Ren, Erin J. Hanan, Aral Greene, Christina Tague, Alexander H. Krichels, William D. Burke, Joshua P. Schimel, Peter M. Homyak

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Mars Orientation Parameters Estimation with Simulated Same Beam Interferometry by Yixiao Liu, Bo Wang, Jianguo Yan, Shangbiao Sun, Wanling Yang, Jean-Pierre Barriot

“…The accurate determination of Mars orientation parameters (MOP) is essential for investigating the internal structure, seasonal variations of polar dry ice, and dynamic evolution of Mars. …”
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Simulating Land Use and Evaluating Spatial Patterns in Wuhan Under Multiple Climate Scenarios: An Integrated SD-PLUS-FD Modeling Approach by Hao Yuan, Xinyu Li, Meichen Ding, Guoqiang Shen, Mengyuan Xu

“…However, most existing land use models emphasize quantity forecasting and spatial allocation, while overlooking the third critical dimension—structural complexity, which is essential for understanding the nonlinear, fragmented evolution of urban systems, thus limiting their ability to fully capture the evolutionary characteristics of urban land systems. …”
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Characterization and expression analysis of transcription factors in Spartina alterniflora unveil their critical roles in salt stress resistance by Yuanyuan Jiang, Yuanyuan Jiang, Yuanyuan Jiang, Shoukun Chen, Shoukun Chen, Shoukun Chen, Shuqiang Gao, Shuqiang Gao, Shuqiang Gao, Jiahui Geng, Jiahui Geng, Qin Shu, Qin Shu, Shang Gao, Shang Gao, Huihui Li, Huihui Li

“…A total of 5,004 TFs were identified and classified into 56 families, with bHLH, MYB, NAC, and ERF being the most abundant. Gene structure analysis revealed an average of 5.05 exons per TF, with significant variation in exon number, coding sequence length, and GC content across families, reflecting their structural and functional diversity. …”
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Analysis of Atmospheric Environment Characteristics and Radar Characteristics of Three Short-time Heavy Precipitation Cases under Different Influence Systems in Central Yunnan by Hong ZHOU, Ying MIN, Yanyan XU, Lijia NA, Hongwei YE

“…Based on conventional observation data， NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data， hourly and 5min automatic station precipitation data， and CINRAD/CC Doppler radar data in Kunming， three short-time heavy precipitation cases under different influence systems during the main flood season of 2021 in central Yunnan are studied.The characteristics of precipitation， circulation pattern， atmospheric environment and structure， shape and evolution of radar echoes are compared and analyzed.The results show that the difference of the three short-time heavy precipitation cases is mainly due to the difference weather systems on 500 hPa.There are shear lines at 700 hPa， but the formation seasons are different.There are convergence lines or weak cold fronts on the ground.The environmental conditions of the three cases are consistent with those of other regions of China in terms of unstable stratification， water vapor near the ground and vertical wind shear， however， there are significant differences in the total precipitable water， CAPE， SWEAT index.The shape of convective echo includes dot echo， block echo， strip echo， flocculent echo and so on.Convective storm type can be divided into high-echo-centriod convective storm， low-echo-centriod convective storm and mixed-echo-centriod convective storm.Short-time heavy precipitation has a single stage of some convective storm type， also has several convective storm types appearing at the same time.CAPE and SWEAT index have a certain correlation with convective storm types.Strong echo profile is columnar structure or tower structure.35 dBz strong echo is grounded without overhang characteristics.Short-time heavy precipitation is mostly generated by long- time stagnant or slow-moving convective echo， some short-time heavy precipitation is also generated in the "train effect" of radar echoes.The duration of short-term heavy precipitation formed by monomer with short life cycle is mostly within 1h， but the duration of short-term heavy precipitation formed by monomer combination and repeated generation and extinction or "train effect" is usually 1~3 h.The instantaneous rain intensity produced by high-echo-centriod convective storm can reach more than 10 mm·（5min）-1， while the rainfall intensity produced by low-echo-centriod convective storm and mixed-echo-centriod convective storm can range from 3~10 mm·（5min）-1， and a few can reach more than 10 mm·（5min）-1.…”
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Spatial Impact of Rural Landscape Pattern on Ecosystem Service in Hangzhou by Shuying WANG, Guofu YANG, Yiren XU, Bin XU

“…ObjectiveChanges in landscape pattern often bring about alterations in the structure, process, and function of ecosystem. In the context of rapid urbanization, drastic changes in land use/land cover (LULC) significantly disturb the structure and function of rural landscapes, leading to a series of ecological and environmental issues in rural areas such as farmland transformation, landscape fragmentation, and habitat degradation. …”
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Tectonic geomorphological evidence of late Quaternary segmented activity along the northern margin fault of Lajishan by ZHANG Lijun, YUAN Daoyang, LI Hongqiang, SU Qi, SU Ruihuan, CHEN Yanwen, WEN Yameng

“…Among them, the tectonic activity of the latter section is the latest and most intense, consistent with the long-term tectonic evolution. …”
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A probabilistic stress-strain relationship model for steel bars including the non-uniform corrosion effects in chloride environments by Qin Zhang, Xinguo Guo, Haitao Zhao, Dongkang Hu, Xianglin Gu, Rongqing Li

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An Anthropological Perspective: Another Dimension to Modern Dental Wear Concepts by John A. Kaidonis, Sarbin Ranjitkar, Dimitra Lekkas, Grant C. Townsend

“…Dental focus revolved around preventive and restorative considerations while the anthropological focus was a biological understanding related to human evolution, diet, environment, form, and function and included all the craniofacial structures. …”
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Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosed Prenatally in Cienfuegos. 10 Year Study by Nancy González Vales, Rossana Isabel Jiménez Arias, María Antonia Ocaña, Nicolás Ramón Cruz Pérez, Julio César Martínez Santana, Jan Oneil González Ramos

“…They constitute the severe structural malformation of greater prevalence and greater impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality. …”
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ROMANIA'S CEREAL EXTERNAL TRADE BETWEEN 2014 AND 2016 by Radu Lucian PÂNZARU, Marius VLADU, Dragoș Mihai MEDELETE, Dan BODESCU

“…The value of foreign trade (thousands USD - FOB for export, thousands USD - CIF for import) is presented both structurally and in terms of the evolution over time, based on the consideration that Romania is an important cereal producer, at least, at regional level. …”
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The Management Accounting Practices in Albania in the Context of Globalization by Manjola Naco, Hysen Cela, Petrit Dollani

“…In our analysis we have used as a benchmark the IFAC statement on Management Accounting Concepts and its description of the evolution of management accounting. To achieve our objectives we prepared and provided to a large group of professional accountants (that mainly are dealing with bookkeeping and financial statement preparations) a structured questionnaire, containing several questions on the status of the practices applied in Albania on management accounting. …”
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Efficiency of dynamical decoupling for (almost) any spin–boson model by Alexander Hahn, Daniel Burgarth, Davide Lonigro

“…We find sufficient conditions under which dynamical decoupling works for such systems, and—most importantly—we find bounds for the convergence speed of the procedure. …”
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CENTRAL ASIA – DEVELOPMENTS, CHALLENGES, STRATEGIES, PERSPECTIVES by Paraschiva Bădescu

“…The study presents the situation and evolution of the new independent States, different structures and mechanisms of their cooperation, used for coordinating their policies and creating a balance to western oriented organizations, involvement and assistance provided by international fora to build their capacity in different fields. …”
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Tetrahymena meiosis: Simple yet ingenious. by Josef Loidl

“…However, extant meiotic structures and processes can vary considerably between organisms. …”
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A Study on the Sedimentary Environment and Facies Model of Triassic Carbonate Rocks in the Mangeshlak Basin by Fanyang Meng, Kaixun Zhang, Zhiping He, Miao Miao, Feng Wang

“…Based on drilling, core and seismic data, combined with the regional tectonic sedimentary evolution background, the sedimentary environment of the Triassic carbonate rocks in the Mangeshlak Basin was studied. …”
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TESS Light Curves of Cataclysmic Variables. VI. Intermediate Polars by Albert Bruch

“…In about half of them—mostly confirmed IPs, but also some candidates—variations caused by the white dwarf (WD) rotation are detected allowing the determination of precise periods. …”
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