Large Uncertainties in Estimation of Tropical Tropopause Temperature Variabilities Due to Model Vertical Resolution by Wuke Wang, Ming Shangguan, Wenshou Tian, Torsten Schmidt, Aijun Ding

“…Well simulating its value and seasonal‐to‐decadal variability by climate models is still challenging. …”
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Marine organic aerosol at Mace Head: effects from phytoplankton and source region variability by E. Chevassus, K. N. Fossum, D. Ceburnis, L. Lei, C. Lin, C. Lin, W. Xu, W. Xu, C. O'Dowd, J. Ovadnevaite

“…In contrast, PMOA is sourced from more variable ecoregions, including the southern Celtic Sea, western European Basin, and Newfoundland Basin, with additional contributions from chlorophytes and cyanobacteria at more southerly latitudes. …”
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Spatiotemporal variability of meteorological droughts and pasture resilience in Somalia using SPEI and resilience metrics by Jaabir Hussein, Eskinder Gidey, Franco Bilotto, Dmaris Mbui, Jason Sircely

“…Eastern Somaliland experienced more frequent and intense droughts than western areas, with a sharp decline in annual SPEI (− 1.08) and a notable shift in 2002. …”
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Temporal variability of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in a German catchment: water sampling implication by Cristiano A. Pott, Sidnei O. Jadoski, Britta Schmalz, Georg Hörmann, Nicola Fohrer

“…The results show a seasonal variability of water quality parameters with more N and P concentration in winter. …”
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Forecasting dengue in Bangladesh using meteorological variables with a novel feature selection approach by Mahadee Al Mobin

“…The custom objective function’s output can be transformed to quantify the contribution of each variable to the target variable’s variability, providing deeper insights into the workings of black box models. …”
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Increased multi-year La Niña since 1960s driven by internal climate variability by Shichu Liu, Lu Dong, Lixin Wu, Wenju Cai, Fengfei Song, Fan Jia, Tao Geng, Michael J. McPhaden, Yishuai Jin

“…Associated with stronger SE, some factors outside the tropical Pacific become more active, also favoring ML development. The essential role of internal variability is confirmed by comparing the SE amplitude and ML frequency changes in members with the highest increased transition rate across LENS with observations.…”
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Adaptation strategies by smallholder farmers to climate change and variability: The case of the savannah zone of Ghana by Awo Boatemaa Manson Incoom, Kwaku Amaning Adjei, Samuel Nii Odai, Ebenezer Kwadwo Siabi, Peter Donkor, Kwasi Frimpong

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Study on the Uncertainty of Input Variables in Seismic Fragility Curves Based on the Number of Ground Motions by Sangki Park, Dongwoo Seo, Kyusan Jung, Jaehwan Kim

“…Specifically, more ground motions corresponded with a lower uncertainty in deriving the input variables for the seismic fragility curve, improving the reliability of the results. …”
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Raman Profile Assessments of Qualifying Variably Graphitized Carbon Materials for Exclusive Industrial Applications by Anant Babu Marahatta

“…In material science and engineering, the carbons and carbon research works are the most triggering subjects of interest owing to their promising applicative aptitudes and functionalizing domains apparent mainly to the internal graphitic heterogeneity, percentage crystallinity (%C), and degree of graphitization (DOG); C-configurations and graphene layouts; structural deformations and crystallographic defects; and crystallite sizes (La) and growths. More importantly, the progressive changes in their internal phase transitions and transformations plus the dissimilar proportions of microstructural modifications and improvisations at various critical stages upon increasing subsequent metamorphoses and graphitization add more momentum to their day-to-day attention. …”
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Machine learning detection of Gaussian steering in continuous-variable systems under data imbalance by Jie Guo, Taotao Yan, Jinchuan Hou, Xiaofei Qi, Kan He

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Characteristics stochastic analysis of long and narrow deep excavations under soil spatial variability by Shouhua Liu, Zhaoliang Wang, Yadong Chen, Guohua Fang, Yiding Zhao, Junsheng Yang, Huasheng Sun

“…As the coefficient of soil spatial variability increases, the diversity and chaotic characteristics of ground surface settlements become more prominent. …”
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Research on Surrogate Model of Variable Geometry Turbine Performance Based on Backpropagation Neural Network by Liping Deng, Hu Wu, Yuhang Liu, Qi’an Xie

“…To address the high-dimensional, multi-variable data fitting problem of variable geometry turbines considering the effects of cooling air, this study adopted a BP neural network to further establish a surrogate model for variable geometry turbine performance. …”
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Existence of multiple solutions for a singular $ p(\cdot) $-biharmonic problem with variable exponents by Ramzi Alsaedi

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Assessing the Relationship between the Enhanced Gait Variability Index and Falls in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease by Abigail C. Schmitt, Sidney T. Baudendistel, Michaela S. Fallon, Jaimie A. Roper, Chris J. Hass

“…The EGVI is a better predictor of fall frequency in persons with PD than its individual spatiotemporal components. Patients who fall more frequently have more variable gait, based on the interpretation of the EGVI. …”
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The geography of inequalities in access to healthcare across England: the role of bus travel time variability by Zihao Chen, Federico Botta

“…Our study also highlights the limitations of using theoretical TTV derived from timetable data and emphasises the potential of using real-time operational data to capture more realistic accessibility measures. By offering a more dynamic perspective on accessibility, our findings complement existing travel time-based metrics and pave way for future research on TTV-based accessibility using real-time data. …”
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A machine learning based variable selection algorithm for binary classification of perinatal mortality. by Maryam Sadiq, Ramla Shah

“…Based on five assessment criteria, the proposed method is found to be more efficient than Forward selection logistic regression model. …”
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IDENTIFICATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRUCTURAL VARIABLES AND TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY AT REGIONAL LEVEL IN ROMANIA by Ioan STETCO

“…Also the results pointed out that the regions with a more developed vegetal sector have a higher TFP.…”
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Global variability in LGM cooling amongst paleoclimate datasets affects biome reconstructions in mountains by Eline S. Rentier, Ondřej Mottl, L. Camila Pacheco-Riaño, Lotta Schultz, Julien Seguinot, Abe T. Wiersma, John-Arvid Grytnes, Suzette G. A. Flantua

“…Paleoclimate datasets generally suggest a warmer LGM than proxy records, especially in mountains, while the global grid cooling method more closely aligns with proxy records. Inter-dataset variability can strongly affect the outcome of temperature-delimited reconstructions of biomes and their boundaries, such as treelines. …”
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Using Dichotomous Variables to Model Structural Changes in Time Series: An Application to International Trade by Gerardo Covarrubias, Xuedong Liu

“…This research aimed to elucidate the methodology employed in econometric estimations by utilizing dichotomous variables. These variables served a dual purpose: firstly, they denoted an attribute designed to discern structural changes within a linear relationship, and secondly, they quantified the impact and statistical significance of one or more quantitative independent variables on a dependent variable in the presence of such structural changes. …”
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DC/DC Converter for DC Microgrid Based on Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control by DING Xiying, WANG Tao, XING Zuoxia, SHEN Siyao, ZHU Jiani

“…During microgrid running, if the change of bus voltage is very large, the duty cycle will have much more significant change during DC/DC converter connecting distributed source and DC bus running, which leads to serious nonlinear problem and unstable output voltage. …”
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