Research on the Improvement of Wear Resistance of Si₃N₄ Substrate by Magnetron Sputtering Deposition of TiN Thin Films with Different Film Structures by WANG He, CHEN Sibo, YAN Guangyu, WU Yuhou, CHU Jianxiang, DAI Guangyuan

“…In order to solve the problem that the surface of silicon nitride ceramic bearings is susceptible to wear under extreme operating conditions，gradient，multilayer and monolayer TiN films were prepared on silicon nitride substrates using magnetron sputtering.Three nitrogen supply modes were implemented: a gradual increase starting at 15 mL/min with 0.8 mL/min increments every 5 min，an alternating on-off switching between 0 and 30 mL/min，and a constant 30 mL/min flow.The influence of film structure on surface morphology，cross-sectional morphology and microstructure was investigated using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)，while the filmsubstrate adhesion and tribological properties were evaluated through scratch and friction-wear tests.Results showed that under identical testing conditions，the gradient TiN film exhibited the highest film-substrate adhesion strength (LC2 ＝19.12 N)，representing an approximately 30%improvement compared to the monolayer TiN film.Compared to silicon nitride’s friction coefficient (0.78) and wear rate [1.51×10－5 mm3/(m·N)]，both the friction coefficients and wear rates of TiN films with different film structures significantly decreased.Among them，the gradient TiN film exhibited the lowest friction coefficient (0.10) and the lowest wear rate [3.33×10－6 mm3/(m·N)].Different film structure designs significantly influenced the microstructure，film-substrate adhesion and tribological properties of TiN coatings.The film with the best tribological properties was a gradient TiN film structure.…”
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Performance of Sustainable Geopolymer Concrete Made of Different Alkaline Activators by Yasmin R. Hamed, Mostafa M. Keshta, Mohamed M. Yousry Elshikh, Ahmed A. Elshami, Mohamed H. S. Matthana, Osama Youssf

“…The geopolymer concrete microstructure was influenced by the presence of SF, leading to the formation of ettringite. …”
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Effect of sepiolite on the physical properties and swelling behavior of rifampicin-loaded nanocomposite hydrogels

“…The swelling data were analyzed in order to evaluate the diffusion mechanisms of water. The results indicate that both rifampicin and sepiolite cause important modifications on microstructure of the PVA matrix, leading to changes on swelling and diffusional behavior.…”
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Interfacial intermetallic compound layer in friction stir welded Mg/Al joints: Relationship between thickness and the welding temperature history by Xuesong Fu, Ke Chen, Qingsong Zhang, Nannan Chen, Min Wang, Xueming Hua

“…The IMC layer formed through solid-state diffusion and transformation instead of eutectic reaction according to the welding temperature history and interfacial microstructure, and its evolution process was clearly observed by plan view. …”
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Degradation mechanism of coal pillars in an underground coal gasification environment: Bearing capacity, pyrolysis behaviour and pore structure by Jian Li, Jinwen Bai, Guorui Feng, Erol Yilmaz, Yanna Han, Zhe Wang, Shanyong Wang, Guowei Wu

“…The pyrolysis reaction process and microstructure evolution were characterized via X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and computed tomography (CT) tests. …”
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Porous highly conductive PEDOT film for high-performance supercapacitors by Wanying Zhang, Zhen Su, Bei Qi, Wentao Wang, Shisong Nie, Yingzhi Jin, Jiaxing Song, Lin Hu, Xinxing Yin, Weihua Ning, Xiaoming Yang, Hao Wang, Zaifang Li, Liang Huang

“…The synergistic action of elevated pressure and temperature was crucial in prompting EG to tailor the microstructure of the PEDOT:PSS films by removing non-conductive PSS chains and improving PEDOT crystallinity, and the formation of a porous network. …”
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Effect of Elastic Strain Energy on Dynamic Recrystallization During Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Al/Mg Alloys by Faliang He, Lei Shi, Chuansong Wu

“…Dynamic recrystallization (DRX) is a critical microstructural evolution mechanism in friction stir welding (FSW) of metallic materials, directly determining the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of weld joints. …”
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Early new bone formation in ovine intramuscular defects: comparison between different silicate-containing calcium phosphate synthetic bone grafts by Iain R. Gibson, Viviana R. Lopes, Rema Oliver, Tian Wang, Dan Wills, Tom Buckland, William R. Walsh

“…However, most studies that have evaluated osteoinductivity in these models only focus on the formation of new bone at only one endpoint, typically 12 weeks, and without reporting evidence of graft resorption. …”
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Anti‐Osteoporosis Treatment Alleviates Osteoarthritis Symptoms and Partially Reverses Disease Progression by Ziyang Feng, Heyong Yin, Yufei Ding, Xun Sun, Tao Zhang, Ai Guo

“…ALN treatment was administered for 8 weeks, and evaluations of behavior, macroscopic appearance, pathology, and subchondral bone microstructure were performed 8 weeks after OA induction. …”
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Development and characterization of amaranth protein-based edible films incorporating Satureja khuzestanica essential oil by Elahe Khalili, Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki, Saeedeh Shojaee-Aliabadi, Nabi Shariatifar, Ramin Aslani, Leila Mirmoghtadaie

“…The following properties were evaluated for developed films: physical characterization (thickness, moisture content, water solubility, and water vapor permeability), mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break), sensory evaluation (color), antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity (against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Escherichia coli). …”
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Comparing the Drying Characteristics, Phytochemicals, and Antioxidant Characterization of <i>Panax quinquefolium</i> L. Treated by Different Processing Techniques by Meng Li, Shuang Liu, Zhenqiang Wang, Feng Liu, Hongjing Dong, Xuguang Qiao, Xiao Wang

“…However, there is a relative paucity of research on the comprehensive evaluation of different processing techniques of AG. …”
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From deformation twinning to α'' martensitic transformation in deforming Ti–12Mo alloy with increasing grain size by Y. Wu, L.Y. Chen, Z. Liu, P. Chen, C.Y. Wang, B. Tang, H.C. Kou, J.S. Li

“…The corresponding mechanical properties and deformation products are systematically investigated by coupling mechanical evaluation methods and microstructure characterization techniques. …”
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Effects of supercritical CO2, water, and supercritical CO2-based water on the mechanical properties and fracturability of shale by Qiao Lyu, Jinghong Deng, Yijun Shen, Yonggang Ding, Yushuai Shi, Gan Feng, Jingqiang Tan

“…The key findings are as follows: (1) Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of shale decreased by 10.72%, 11.95%, and 23.67% at 15 MPa, and by 42.40%, 46.84%, and 51.65% at 45 MPa after immersion in ScCO2, DW, and ScCO2+DW, respectively, with the most pronounced effect observed in ScCO2+DW; (2) Microstructural analysis revealed that while ScCO2 and DW do not significantly alter the microstructure, immersion in ScCO2+DW results in a more complex surface morphology; (3) Acoustic emission (AE) analysis indicates a reduction in stress for crack damage, with a decreased fractal dimension of AE signals in different fluids. …”
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A Review of Reliability Assessment and Lifetime Prediction Methods for Electrical Machine Insulation Under Thermal Aging by Jian Zhang, Jiajin Wang, Hongbo Li, Qin Zhang, Xiangning He, Cui Meng, Xiaoyan Huang, Youtong Fang, Jianwei Wu

“…Thermal aging not only leads to the degradation of macroscopic properties such as dielectric strength and breakdown voltage but also causes progressive changes in the microstructure, making the correlation between aging stress and aging indicators fundamental for lifetime evaluation and prediction. …”
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Sn and Ti influences on intermetallic phases damage in hot dip galvanizing by V. Di Cocco

“…In this work a comparative microstructural analysis, in Zn-Sn and Zn-Ti coatings, is performed to evaluate intermetallic phases formation kinetics and the influence of intermetallic microstructure on coating damage under constant bending deformation.…”
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Effect of Chinese Leek Extracts on the Quality of Sauce Stewed Pigeon Meat by Jie SUN, Yingying ZHANG, Zhuofan YANG, Mengdi WANG, Guoyou YIN, Peifang MA, Mingjun YANG, Yakun LI

“…The changes in output rate, quality characteristics, sensory characteristics, and microstructure of sauce stewed pigeon meat were comprehensively evaluated. …”
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A Bacteria Acclimation Technology Based on Nitrogen Source Regulation and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Island and Reef Slopes by Xin Chen, Ziyu Wang, Liang Cao, Peng Cao, Shuyue Liu, Yu Xie, Yingqi Xie

“…The primary crystal form of the generated precipitate was rhombohedral calcite, which formed a tightly bonded microstructure with calcareous sand, achieving a maximum reinforcement strength of 13.61 MPa. …”
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Life cycle assessment for calcination process of flue gas desulfurization gypsum and transformation into β-CaSO4·0.5H2O by Payal Bakshi, Asokan Pappu, Dhiraj Kumar Bharti

“…Environmental impact of calcination process is evaluated by life cycle assessment method using openLCA software and ecoinvent database in conformance with ISO 14040–14044. …”
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Constructive Neuroengineering of Crossing Multi-Neurite Wiring Using Modifiable Agarose Gel Platforms by Soya Hagiwara, Kazuhiro Tsuneishi, Naoya Takada, Kenji Yasuda

“…To support long-term neuronal health and network integrity in agarose microstructures, we incorporated direct glial co-culture into the system. …”
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Investigating Corrosion Behavior of Hard Coatings of Iron-base Electrodes Containing Carbide Elements by J. Etemadzadeh, T. Ahmadi, P. Basir, M.R. Khanzadeh

“…In this research, using the manual shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, a wear-resistant layer was created by AMA1600v, AMA1622v, and AMA1623v hard coating electrodes on the St37 carbon mild steel, and the effect of the number of welding passes on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the coatings was evaluated. …”
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