Automating monitoring and evaluation data analysis by using an open-source programming language by Nadia Fouché, Melody Mentz-Coetzee

“…Although open-source programming languages such as Python are free to use, there are no libraries in Python aimed at the analyses needed for quantitative ME data, resulting in a steep learning curve for new Python users. Objectives: The objective of this article was to develop a Python library of functions to make Python a user-friendly alternative for analysing quantitative ME data. …”
Get full text

Electrophysiological properties of melanin-concentrating hormone neuron subpopulations defined by anatomical localization and CART expression by Rafiat Damilola Adekunle, Mohammed Sohel Chowdhury, Lisa Z. Fang, Michiru Hirasawa

“…IntroductionMelanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons are essential regulators of energy and glucose homeostasis, sleep–wake behaviors, motivation, learning and memory. These neurons are anatomically distributed across the medial (MH) and lateral hypothalamus (LH), and the adjacent zona incerta (ZI), which may represent functional subgroups with distinct connectivity with different brain regions. …”
Get full text

65 ABCD Study Child Opportunity Index Factor Structure: The association between environment and cognitive performance by Julia Harris, Bo A. Malames, Hailley R. Moore, Caitlin A Neslon, Krista M. Lisdahl

“…Results/Anticipated Results: Increased Socioeconomic Attainment and Child Education factor scores were distinctly associated with increased cognitive performance across all subscales and composite scores that include aspects of overall cognitive ability, executive functioning, and learning and memory. Increased poverty factor scores were significantly associated with decreased cognitive performance across all substances and composite scores. …”
Get full text

Enhanced Black-Winged Kite Algorithm for Drone Coverage in Complex Fruit Farms by Jian Li, Shengliang Fu, Weijian Zhang, Haitao Fu, Xu Fang, Zheng Li

“…Subsequently, by proposing coverage task cost functions, flight safety cost functions, and path length cost functions, the coverage challenge in complex-shaped areas is redefined as a challenge involving multiple constraints. …”
Get full text

Virtual reality navigation for the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease by Sayuri Shima, Reiko Ohdake, Yasuaki Mizutani, Harutsugu Tatebe, Riki Koike, Atsushi Kasai, Epifanio Bagarinao, Epifanio Bagarinao, Kazuya Kawabata, Kazuya Kawabata, Akihiro Ueda, Mizuki Ito, Junichi Hata, Shinsuke Ishigaki, Junichiro Yoshimoto, Hiroshi Toyama, Takahiko Tokuda, Akihiko Takashima, Hirohisa Watanabe, Hirohisa Watanabe

Get full text

The emergence of visual category representations in infants’ brains by Xiaoqian Yan, Sarah Shi Tung, Bella Fascendini, Yulan Diana Chen, Anthony M Norcia, Kalanit Grill-Spector

“…Organizing the continuous stream of visual input into categories like places or faces is important for everyday function and social interactions. However, it is unknown when neural representations of these and other visual categories emerge. …”
Get full text

Designing financial instruments for land-based ecological restoration: A review and future research Agenda by John Garvey, Vasilis Grigoriadis, Darragh Flannery, Edward Knapp, Elizabeth Gold, George Hutchinson, Lynn J. Frewer, Paul Brereton, Kenneth A. Byrne

“…This paper reviews the literature on financial instruments that are designed for land-based ecological restoration, extracts key learnings from this literature and deploys a functional perspective to better understand how financial instruments that aim to scale up land restoration activities can be mainstreamed within the global financial system. …”
Get full text

The WHO’s 75th anniversary: WHO at a pivotal moment in history by Lawrence O Gostin, Roojin Habibi, Benjamin Mason Meier, Helen Clark, K Srinath Reddy, Jemilah Mahmood, Danwood Mzikenge Chirwa, Björn Kümmel, Winnie Mpanju-Shumbusho, Attiya Waris, Miriam K Were

“…At this pivotal moment, WHO must learn critical lessons from its past and make fundamental reforms to become the Organisation it was meant to be. …”
Get full text

Systematic analysis of anatomy virtual reality (VR) apps for advanced education and further applications by Seung Woo Baek, Taeyun Yeo, Hak Jun Lee, Yun Jae Moon, Yun Hak Kim, Chan Park, Junyang Jung, Youngbuhm Huh, Sang Ouk Chin, Jaehoon Kim, Dokyoung Kim

“…The comparison focuses on several aspects: the functions of each application, the accuracy of anatomical descriptions of the models, the depiction of movement and functionality of human body parts, the expression of disease, and other practical considerations such as tutorials, convenience of operation and observation, pricing, and user-friendliness. …”
Get full text

The Use of Large Language Models for Marking Datasets in Natural Language Processing by Krystina Makoveichuk, Alexander Olifirov, Georgiy Demenchuk, Yan Makoveichuk

“…Their markup was done using the large text-davinci-003 language model, using functions written in Python. The tagging results were normalized and analysed. …”
Get full text

Targeting ion channel networks in diabetic kidney disease: from molecular crosstalk to precision therapeutics and clinical innovation by Wenfeng Wang, Bi Ke, Chen Wang, Xiaojing Xiong, Xiuyuan Feng, Hua Yan

“…Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a major microvascular complication of diabetes, is closely associated with functional imbalances in ion channels regulating sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+), and chloride (Cl–). …”
Get full text

Computational advancements to facilitate therapeutic application of phytochemicals: Where do we stand? by Soumyadip Ghosh, Soumya Basu, Titirsha Kayal, Gayathri Ashok, Sudha Ramaiah, Anand Anbarasu

“…The application domain pertains to the functional aspects of phytochemicals, such as their antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. …”
Get full text

A Review of Nanowire Devices Applied in Simulating Neuromorphic Computing by Tianci Huang, Yuxuan Wang, Zhihan Jin, Hao Liu, Kaili Wang, Tan Leong Chee, Yi Shi, Shancheng Yan

“…With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, the demand for enhanced device computing capabilities has significantly increased. …”
Get full text

NNPDFpol2.0: a global determination of polarised PDFs and their uncertainties at next-to-next-to-leading order by Juan Cruz-Martinez, Toon Hasenack, Felix Hekhorn, Giacomo Magni, Emanuele R. Nocera, Tanjona R. Rabemananjara, Juan Rojo, Tanishq Sharma, Gijs van Seeventer

“…Abstract We present NNPDFpol2.0, a new set of collinear helicity parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton based on legacy measurements of structure functions in inclusive neutral-current longitudinally polarised deep-inelastic scattering (DIS), and of W -boson, single-inclusive, and di-jet production asymmetries in longitudinally polarised proton-proton collisions. …”
Get full text

Advancing NASICON-type materials through high-entropy strategy: Synthesis and applications by Youmei Li, Ming Zhang, Jintian Wu, Zixuan Fang, Ziqiang Xu, Mengqiang Wu

“…By incorporating multiple principal elements with distinct chemical functionalities, HEMs exhibit tailored electronic/ionic configurations, enabling unprecedented structural adaptability and application potential. …”
Get full text

On the crack resistance and damage tolerance of 3D-printed nature-inspired hierarchical composite architecture by Siwon Yu, Seunggyu Park, Kang Taek Lee, Jun Yeon Hwang, Soon Hyung Hong, Thomas James Marrow

“…Abstract Materials scientists have taken a learn-from-nature approach to study the structure-property relationships of natural materials. …”
Get full text

Effects of aerobic running vs. reading rest after fear extinction on recall: Decreased prefrontal cortex activity to distinguish threat and safety cues by Xiao Zhou, Juan Kou, E Mei, Yi Lei

“…Recall of extinction memory, pivotal in the treatment of anxiety-related psychiatric disorders, involves the retrieval of learned safety associations to reduce conditioned fear responses. …”
Get full text

Finding Pareto trade-offs in fair and accurate detection of toxic speech by Soumyajit Gupta, Venelin Kovatchev, Anubrata Das, Maria De-Arteaga, Matthew Lease

“…Focusing on the task of toxic language detection, we show the generality and efficacy of our proposed GAP loss function across two datasets, three neural architectures, and three fairness loss functions. …”
Get full text

Information Exchange Pairs Simulation Method Based on Discrete Event Simulation for Autonomous Transportation System by Ji Zhang, Zhenwu Chen, Liang Yang, Zihan Guo, Xianglong Feng, Xiang Liu, Zhijun Huang, Puyang Deng, Xiaochun Zhang, Chen Liang

“…Meanwhile, this method also supports further research on the system evolution and architecture analysis, including the functions, logic, and physical architectures of each generation, as well as their mapping relationships and parallel evolution mechanisms.…”
Get full text

Microwave Tomography System for Methodical Testing of Human Brain Stroke Detection Approaches by Ilja Merunka, Andrea Massa, David Vrba, Ondrej Fiser, Marco Salucci, Jan Vrba

“…It is therefore suitable for large-scale measurements with high variability of measured data for stroke detection and classification based on machine learning methods. In order to verify the functionality of the measuring system, S-parameters were measured for a hemorrhagic phantom sequentially placed on 23 different positions and distributions of dielectric parameters were reconstructed using the Gauss-Newton iterative reconstruction algorithm. …”
Get full text