Comparative Study of Optimal Flat Double-Layer Space Structures with Diverse Geometries through Genetic Algorithm by Yaser Shahbazi, Mahsa Abdkarimi, Farhad Ahmadnejad, Mohsen Mokhtari Kashavar, Mohammad Fotouhi, Siamak Pedrammehr

“…Single- and multi-objective optimization processes are conducted on the considered models to evaluate structural mass and maximum deflection. …”
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The role of root dynamics on the climate sensitivity of ecohydrological processes of over- and understory in a semi-arid groundwater-dependent ecosystem by Qiyue Liu, Ana P. Barros

“…The intertwined water use strategies of mesquites and shrubs expressed by the root water uptake dynamics determine ecosystem response aboveground under more extreme climate conditions, highlighting the importance of modeling root architecture dynamics and co-adaptive ecohydrological processes in predicting ecosystem responses to climate change.…”
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Spatial Prediction of Soil Continuous and Categorical Properties Using Deep Learning Approaches for Tamil Nadu, India by Thamizh Vendan Tarun Kshatriya, Ramalingam Kumaraperumal, Sellaperumal Pazhanivelan, Nivas Raj Moorthi, Dhanaraju Muthumanickam, Kaliaperumal Ragunath, Jagadeeswaran Ramasamy

“…A total of 43 SCORPAN-based environmental covariates were considered, of which 37 covariates were retained after the recursive feature elimination (RFE) process. The validation and test results obtained for each of the soil attributes for both the algorithms were most comparable with the DL-MLP algorithm depicting the attributes’ most intricate spatial organization details, compared to the 1D-CNN model. …”
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Multi-layer obstacle-avoiding rectilinear steiner minimal tree algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning by Xing Huang, Yuhan Zhu, Yanbo Xu, Yajun Xie, Genggeng Liu

“…In Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) routing, the rectilinear Steiner minimal tree is an excellent interconnect model for multi-pin nets. However, modern VLSI designs require multi-layer obstacle-avoiding routing, where wires must traverse multiple metal layers while avoiding obstacles to ensure connectivity and performance. …”
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Quasi-stationary substructure within a sporadic E layer observed by the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) by Wood Alan G., Dorrian Gareth D., Boyde Ben, Fallows Richard A., Themens David R., Mevius Maaijke, Sprenger Tim, Main Robert, Pryse S. Eleri, Elvidge Sean

“…The observations were consistent with the steepening of a plasma density gradient at the edge of the feature over time due to an instability process. A 1-D numerical model showed that the observations were consistent with an electron density enhancement in the sporadic E layer with a density change of 2 × 1011 m−3 and a spatial scale of several kilometres. …”
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Multi-layer robotic controller for enhancing the safety of mobile robot navigation in human-centered indoor environments by Karameldeen Omer, Karameldeen Omer, Andrea Monteriù

“…The developed system employs a three-tiered control approach, with each layer playing a pivotal role in the navigation process. …”
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On the Quest for Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts Based on Layered Double Hydroxides: An Electrochemical and Chemometric Combined Approach by Isacco Gualandi, Elisa Musella, Giulia Costa, Massimo Gazzano, Erika Scavetta, Sergio Zappoli, Domenica Tonelli

“…The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a crucial process in various energy conversion and storage technologies, such as water electrolysis. …”
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Characteristics of boundary layer turbulence energy budget in Shenzhen area based on coherent wind lidar observations by J. Xian, J. Xian, Z. Qiu, H. Rao, Z. Cheng, X. Lin, C. Lu, H. Yang, N. Zhang, N. Zhang

“…<p>Due to the limitations of observations with meteorological towers and aircraft, there is a lack of research on the vertical characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer in relation to the budget terms of turbulence kinetic energy (TKE). …”
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Parametric study and optimization of thermal performance and pressure drop in heat sinks with double-layer porous microchannels by Fahimeh Aliyari, Keivan Fallah, Hossein Zolfaghary Azizi, Farhad Hosseinnejad

“…In this study, the effective parameters in thermal performance and pressure drop of heat sinks with double-layer porous microchannels were investigated. Initially, a heat sink with porous fins was simulated in ANSYS Fluent 18, and the results were validated against reference data. …”
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Exploitation of ARIMA and Annual Variations Model for SAR Interferometry Over Permafrost Scenarios by Wenyan Yu, Xiao Cheng, Mi Jiang

“…Furthermore, incorporating annual variations enhances the accuracy of active layer thickness estimation. Our methodology reveals a strong correlation between residual deformations and soil moisture content, shedding light on the pivotal role of soil moisture in permafrost thawing processes.…”
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Evaluation of Clavulanic Acid Adsorption in MgAl-Layered Double Hydroxides: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies by Marcus Bruno Soares Forte, Élen Cristina Luna Elias, Heloise O. Pastore, Francisco Maugeri Filho, Maria Isabel Rodrigues

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Green credit risk identification and anti-corruption measures under the application of the multi-layer deep network by Zeyu Wang, Caimeng Wang, Zhili Bai, Song Song

“…Abstract This study explores the application of a multi-layer deep neural network to identify green credit risks, with a focus on the role of anti-corruption measures. …”
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The Optical Signature of a Bottom Boundary Layer Ventilation Event in the Northern Gulf of Mexico's Hypoxic Zone by Jason K. Jolliff, Ewa Jarosz, Sherwin Ladner, Travis Smith, Stephanie Anderson, James Dykes

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Numerical Analysis of the Influence of Frost Layers on the Heat Transfer Characteristics of Cryogenic Valves for Polar LNG Ships by Shengpeng Li, Baolong Lin, Xu Bai, Pengyu Wei, Lian Wang, Ruonan Zhang

“…The morphology of the calculated frost layer was coupled with the low-temperature valve model for heat transfer calculations to explore the influence of the frost layer on valve heat transfer characteristics. …”
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Filtering Techniques To Reduce Speckle Noise And Image Quality Enhancement Methods On Porous Silicon Images Layers by Tifouti Issam, Rahmouni Salah, Meriane Brahim

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Research of the RSSR Mechanism with a Variable Rod Length Used in Locking Flat Layer of Construction Lift by Wang Liangwen, Li Quntao, Li Hongpeng, Lou Zhenwei, Zhang Lei, Song Xiaowei

“…According to adjust the rod length of RSSR mechanism in terms of the cage opening door angles on construction lift,the output component displacement of sine- mechanism remains unchanged under the different opening angles of cage door to realize the reliable work can be guaranteed through the flat layer locking mechanism. The structure of the mechanism is introduced,the motion model of this combined mechanism is built,the relevant design and computation process is provided,an example is taken to illustrate. …”
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Mn(II) removal from aqueous solutions by Co/Mo layered double hydroxide: Kinetics and thermodynamics by A.A. Bakr, M.S. Mostafa, E.A. Sultan

“…All adsorption processes were rapidly carried out at different temperatures (298, 308 and 318 K) and constant stirring rate 160 rpm. …”
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Effects of channel-land configuration on temperature-driven water transport in cathode gas diffusion layer of PEMFC by Yiming Xu, Yun Zhang, Jieqing Zheng, Zhifeng Xia

“…In this work, a 2-D, non-isothermal, two-phase model incorporating an agglomerate sub-model is established, considering the compression effect and gas diffusion layer (GDL) anisotropy. …”
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DFT Study of Initial Surface Reactions in Gallium Nitride Atomic Layer Deposition Using Trimethylgallium and Ammonia by P. Pungboon Pansila, Seckson Sukhasena, Saksit Sukprasong, Worasitti Sriboon, Wipawee Temnuch, Tongsai Jamnongkan, Tanabat Promjun

“…The initial surface reaction of gallium nitride (GaN) grown by atomic layer deposition (GaN-ALD) was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. …”
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Longitudinal splitting and grouting in deep buried rock layers based on the coupling effect between slurry and rock by Liu Xiangyang, Cheng Hua, Xu Xueqing, Qian Jianyuan, Liu Wenlin

“…This study examined the motion of slurry and the fracture expansion process, thereby establishing a longitudinal grout-splitting model of slurry-rock coupling by deriving a slurry-splitting diffusion motion equation that considers the time-varying viscosity of the slurry and attenuation of the fracture width. …”
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